Lower UTI Flashcards
1
Q
lower UTI affects what part of urinary tract?
A
lower part of urinary tract: bladder & urethra
2
Q
Lower UTI is the ______ most common bacterial infection
A
Lower UTI is the 2nd most common bacterial infection (after respiratory most common)
3
Q
what causes UTI?
A
variety of bacteria, most common Ecoli (normal flora in gut moves from butt to urethra)
4
Q
how does bacteria enter to cause UTI’s?
A
- urethral entry which then causes ascending infection
- at times enters via blood
5
Q
what are some of the normal defenses that protect people from getting UTI’s
A
- washout (strong beginning stream of urine)(in males & females)
- local immune response
- mucin layer (glycoprotien secreted by bladder wall lines epithelium, protective layer that inhibits bacterial contact with wall of bladder)
- prostatic fluid (males) has antimicrobial properties
- periurethral flora (females) normal flora: microbial antagonism-which is normal flora taking up space so other bacteria has less space to come there
6
Q
risks for lower UTI
A
- catheterization (microbes attach to catheter secrete a biofilm to protect themselves from bodys defenses)
- obstruction which can lead to urine stasis & reflux
7
Q
manifestations of lower UTI
A
- acute onset
- lower abdominal/back pain
- frequency
- dysuria (painful urination)
8
Q
diagnosing lower UTI
A
- mnfts (clinical presentation)
- dipstick of urine then confirm with urinalysis
- and if confirmed diagnosis Culture & sensitivity
9
Q
treatment
A
- antibiotics
- fluids
- if there is an underlying cause treat underlying cause ex. BPH, urinary obstruction