Gall bladder Flashcards
what does the gall bladder do
produces & stores bile
why do we need bile
to emulsify fats
what are problems that happen to the gall bladder?
-infection, inflammation, stones & tumors
what are most of the problems with the gall baldder
cholecystitis (inflm)
cholelithaisis (stones-gallstones)
what is cholelithiasis (gall stones caused by)
cholelithiasis can be caused by obstruction & bile stasis or when bile composition changed ex increase in cholesterol which will alter composition causing precipitation
precipitation of bile content causes _____
stones
what is the etiology of cholelithiasis
- abnormal bile composition
- bile stasis causing precipitation
- inflm debirs– nuclei for stone formation
- genetics? (has to be some other component, said some may be predisposed)
what are the types of gallstones?
- cholesterol stones (80%): change in bile & increase in cholesterol
- pigment stones (20%): bilirubin & ca salts
- mixed stones
what are the most common type of gall stones (80%)
cholesterol stones from a change in bile composition and an increase in cholesterol
mnfts of stones only become are problem when__________
they begin to move
mnfts of gallstones
-asymptomatic initally
-if obstruction: Colic (intermittent: when stone stops moving no pain, when stone starts moving again pain, radiating very serious pain)
nausea and vomiting (systemic mnfts d/t severe pain)
diagnosing gall stones
- history, physical exam
- ultrasound, scans–can also do nuclear imaging
treatment
- if in gallbladder leave alone until it moves out & causes obstruction somewhere
- pain–need to address heavy–morphine & opiods
- dissolving agents – developed from bile acid ex. actigall
- surgery to remove stones: netrograde endoscopy –insert endoscope through mouth–insert until duct into duedeoum use wire to remove
what are some complications from gallstones
cholecystitis, pancreatitis, perforation
