Gall bladder Flashcards

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1
Q

what does the gall bladder do

A

produces & stores bile

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2
Q

why do we need bile

A

to emulsify fats

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3
Q

what are problems that happen to the gall bladder?

A

-infection, inflammation, stones & tumors

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4
Q

what are most of the problems with the gall baldder

A

cholecystitis (inflm)

cholelithaisis (stones-gallstones)

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5
Q

what is cholelithiasis (gall stones caused by)

A

cholelithiasis can be caused by obstruction & bile stasis or when bile composition changed ex increase in cholesterol which will alter composition causing precipitation

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6
Q

precipitation of bile content causes _____

A

stones

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7
Q

what is the etiology of cholelithiasis

A
  • abnormal bile composition
  • bile stasis causing precipitation
  • inflm debirs– nuclei for stone formation
  • genetics? (has to be some other component, said some may be predisposed)
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8
Q

what are the types of gallstones?

A
  • cholesterol stones (80%): change in bile & increase in cholesterol
  • pigment stones (20%): bilirubin & ca salts
  • mixed stones
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9
Q

what are the most common type of gall stones (80%)

A

cholesterol stones from a change in bile composition and an increase in cholesterol

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10
Q

mnfts of stones only become are problem when__________

A

they begin to move

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11
Q

mnfts of gallstones

A

-asymptomatic initally
-if obstruction: Colic (intermittent: when stone stops moving no pain, when stone starts moving again pain, radiating very serious pain)
nausea and vomiting (systemic mnfts d/t severe pain)

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12
Q

diagnosing gall stones

A
  • history, physical exam

- ultrasound, scans–can also do nuclear imaging

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13
Q

treatment

A
  • if in gallbladder leave alone until it moves out & causes obstruction somewhere
  • pain–need to address heavy–morphine & opiods
  • dissolving agents – developed from bile acid ex. actigall
  • surgery to remove stones: netrograde endoscopy –insert endoscope through mouth–insert until duct into duedeoum use wire to remove
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14
Q

what are some complications from gallstones

A

cholecystitis, pancreatitis, perforation

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