Lung cancer Flashcards
there is ____ and ____ lung cancer
primary and secondary
lung cancer is one of the leading causes of _____
death
90% of lung cancer is _________
bronchogeneic
lung cancer is aggressive, invasive & metastatic there is often mets to______, ______ & ______
bone, liver & brain
there are ____ major primary types of lung caner
4
the four major types of lung cancer are separated into two categories what are these?
- SCLC: small cell lung cancer
- NSCLC: non small cell lung cancer
what are the 4 major primary types of lung cancer
SCLC-small cell lung cancer -small cell carcinoma (aprox 12%) NSCLC-non small cell lung cancer -large cell carcinoma (aprox 12%) -squamous cell carcinoma (aprox 30%) -adenocarcinoma (aprox 30%)
what is the etiology of lung cancer
- remember always a carcinogen that gives rise to a mutation then mutation causes lung cancer
- smoking (greater than 85%)
- marijuana
- toxins(eg. asbestos)
patho of small cell carcinoma
- in smokers (99%)
- small oval cells
- aggressive, invasive, early mets (esp to brain)
- mets at Dx( approx 70%)
- paraneoplastic syndromes (eg. SIADH, cushings)
- non-resectable (cannot surgically remove malignancy d/t characteristic of tumor)
what are paraneoplastic syndromes
dont call an eptopic tumor but the same as an eptopic tumor, cells secrete hormone like substances
Patho of adenocarcionma
- most common type
- in women and in non-smokers
- origin in alveoli or bronchioles (peripheral in respiratory system & final airways opposed to central which would be tracheal)
what is adenocarcinoma?
malignant tumor formed form glandular epithelial tissue
patho of squamous cell carcinoma
- more common in men
- origin in central bronchi-central origin
- intraluminal
- spreads to hilar nodes(hilar region, region in organ where major vessels, structures or ducts enter & leave)
patho large cell carcinoma
- large, undifferentiated cells
- peripheral origin (distal respiratory tract)
- early mets
- poor prognosis
mnfts of lung cancer depend on
type of cancer, site
extent, mets
-paraneoplastic synromes