Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CC2 - exam preparation > OSCE prep > Flashcards

OSCE prep Flashcards

1
Q

What additive is used in each blood bottle?

A

Purple - EDTA to bind calcium
Blue - Sodium citrate to bind calcium
Yellow - silica separating gel + red silica
Dark green - heparanised / sodium heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the order of blood bottles?

A 
Blue - Bring 
Red - 
Yellow - Your
Green - green 
Purple - Pens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does each bottle test?

A

Blue - D-dimer, INR, APTT
Purple - FBC, reticulocytes, blood film, blood folic acid, monospot, acth, g6dp testing,
Pink - (alternative to purple)group and save, crossmatch, coombs test
Red - alternative to yellow (Arsenal)
Yellow - hormones (cortisol, calcitonin, bhcg, gh, igf), enzymes, tumour markers, toxins, drugs (genta)
Grey - glucose + lactate
Dark green - sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What about colours of culture bottles?

A

Aerobic: blue lid bottle
Anaerobic: purple lid bottle
Mycobacterium: black lid bottle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MRSA swab colour

A

Black

Groin and nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where should limb leads be placed?

A

Ulnar styloid and malleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How long should you wipe a site for?

A

30 seconds, then 30 seconds to dry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What angle should the cannula be?

A

10-30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pH of urine?

A

4.5-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the causes of high urobilogen?

A

Haemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the causes of low urobilogen?

A

Biliary obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the cause of a low pH?

A

Starvation
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Other causes of metabolic acidosis (e.g. sepsis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What colour is urine normally?

A

Straw and clear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does darker urine suggest?

A

Dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the causes of high pH?

A

Urinary tract infection

Conditions that cause metabolic alkalosis (e.g. vomiting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why should you not do venepuncture where two veins join?

A

There are often valves present, making venepuncture more difficult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When should you remove the tourniquet?

A

Before removing the needle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How should you collect blood cultures?

A

Aerobic before anaerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

During fundoscopy what might you see in diabetes?

A 
Dot and blot haemmorhages
Microaneurysms 
Neovacularisation 
Hard exudates 
Cotton wool spots
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What further tests can you do after a fundoscopy exam?

A 
Retinal photography
Ambler chart tests
Ishiara charts
Blood pressure
Glucose
21
Q

What are druzen?

A

Yellow, dead material in macular degeneration

22
Q

What is a cherry red spot?

A

Retinal artery occlusion

23
Q

What stain is used for corneal abrasions?

A

Flouroscein

24
Q

What is a hypopyon?

A

Hi-poppy-an is infection of the anterior chamber

25
Q

What are signs of acute angle closure glaucoma?

A 
Significant eye pain
Vomiting
Reduced visual acuity
Photophobia
Haloes in vision
Circumciliary conjunctival injection
Hazy cornea
Mid-dilated unreactive pupi
26
Q

What is a good way to remember what to ask in a urinary history?

A

FOUND HINTS

Frequency
Output
Urgency
Nocturia
Dysuria 
Hesitancy 
Irritation 
Neoplasm 
Terminal dribbling
Stream
27
Q

What can be used to remember causes of abdominal pain in a female?

A 
PID
Endometriosis
Torsion
Ectopic
Ruptured cyst
28
Q

What are the ranges for glucose?

A

4.0 to 5.9 mmol/L under 7.8 mmol/L Diabetes UK

29
Q

What is a good to comment on for pulse?

A

BITS

Bounding? Aortic regurgitation, anxiety
Irregular? AF
Thready? Haemmorhage
Slow rising? Aortic stenosis

30
Q

What are the signs for AR?

A

AR! A WITCH
Brave witches don’t make potions quickly

Bounding pulse
Watterhammer
De musset
Mullers sign
Pulsation in neck
Quicke's sign
31
Q

How do you assess the hands in a cardio exam?

A

JOCKS TBC

32
Q

What are the symptoms of aortic stenosis?

A

Sharon Always remembers to say exercise intolerance

Syncope
Angina
Reduced exercise
TAVI
SOB
33
Q

What are the signs and symptoms for mitral regurgitation?

A 
Swollen hands and feet
Excessive urination
Lightheaded
Fatigue
SOB and cough
Holosytolic
34
Q

What does the S3 represent?

A

VenTRIcular gallop. Sometimes physiological and pregnancy.

35
Q

What does S4 represent?

A

Stiff door - aortic stenosis

36
Q

What can you comment on for a murmur?

A

Timing (the) - AS (early systolic), MR (pan systolic), AR (early diastole), MS (mid diastole). ASK MR ARMS
Duration (doctor) - pan
Location (likes) - 2nd ICS
Grade (giving) - 1 to 6 Levine scale
Shape (students) - Crescendo, decendo, cresecendo, decendo
Radiation (really) - carotids
Pitch (poor) - high e.g. MR
Quality (questions) - rumbling or blowing

37
Q

What is personalised care?

A

Address the ideas, concerns and expectations of patients in to account

38
Q

What is a chronic disease?

A

a condition lasting for more than 3 months that cannot get better through medication and vaccines

39
Q

What is a good way to address salient points of LTC?

A

Diagnosis
Information
Medication

Housing
Occupation
Utilities
Support
Emotions
40
Q

Why is personalised care important?

A

We are not the same people are holistic beings. Full time person, part time patient.

41
Q

What is the quote by a Osler?

A

A good doctor treats the patient. A great doctor treats the patient with the disease/

42
Q

What other theories are there for LTC?

A 
The term “biographical disruption” was coined in 1982 by British sociologist Michael Bury [1] to describe the experience of chronic illness and the way in which a life-threatening illness breaks an individual’s social and cultural experience by threatening his or her self-identity.
Locus of control
Folkmanns appraisal 
Similarity attraction
Biopsychosocial model
43
Q

Three reasons why personalised care is important?

A

Adherence
Understanding
Autonomy

44
Q

According to the campaign for loneliness, what percentage of people feel lonely?

A

45%

45
Q

Causes of metabolic acidosis?

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acid, salicylic acid
Severe diarrohea without anion gap
Loss of bicarb without generation of anions

46
Q

Causes of metabolic alkalosis

A

Antacids and vomiting

NG drainage

47
Q

Causes of respiratory acidosis?

A

Type 1 and type 2 resp failure

48
Q

Causes of respiratory alkalosis?

A

Anxiety, pain,

CC2 - exam preparation (76 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions