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Neuroendocrine > Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Dense CT that surrounds the necks of teeth and alveolar processes

A

Gingivae

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2
Q

Forms roof of mouth and separates nasal and oral cavities

A

Hard palate

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3
Q

Skeletal muscles that forms posterior 1/3 roof of mouth and has uvula hanging from it; closes off nasopharynx

A

Soft palate

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4
Q

What are the 3 salivary glands?

A

Parotid, submandibular, sublingual

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5
Q

Detects antigens in swallowed food and drink and may initiate immune response

A

Tonsils

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6
Q

Space between cheek and gums where food and saliva mix

A

Vestibule

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7
Q

Assists soft palate in closing entryway to nasopharynx when swallowing

A

Uvula

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8
Q

Opening that leads to pharynx

A

Fauces

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9
Q

Muscular folds bounding fauces and palatine tonsils

A

Glossopalatine arch and pharyngopalatine arch

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10
Q

What is covered in keratinized stratified squamous epithelia?

A

Tongue and lips – rest seems to be nonkeratinized

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11
Q

Bolus

A

Globular mass of partially digested food

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12
Q

What attaches the tongue to the oral cavity floor?

A

Lingual frenulum

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13
Q

Where are the parotid glands?

A

Anterior and inferior to the ear, partially overlaying massater muscle

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14
Q

Where does the parotid duct take saliva?

A

To oral vestibule at level of 2nd upper molar

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15
Q

For being the largest salivatory gland, how much saliva does the parotid gland produce?

A

25-30%

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16
Q

Where are the submandibular glands?

A

Inferior to body of mandible

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17
Q

Where does the submandibular ducts take the saliva?

A

Floor of the mouth on the lateral sides of the lingual frenulum

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18
Q

How much saliva does the submandibular glands produce?

A

60-70%

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19
Q

Where are the sublingual glands?

A

Inferior to tongue and ducts posterior to submandibular ducts

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20
Q

How much saliva does the sublingual glands create?

A

3-5%

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21
Q

What are some functions of saliva?

A

Dissolves food molecules so taste receptors can be stimlulated, helps moisten and create bolus, moistens and cleanses oral cavity and contains antibodies

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22
Q

What are teeth collectively called?

A

Dentition

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23
Q

What joint is created in the tooth?

A

Gomphosis joint

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24
Q

What are the main parts of the tooth from top to bottom?

A

Crown, neck, root

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25
Q

How many teeth does an infant grow?

A

20 deciduous teeth/milk teeth

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26
Q

How many teeth will the adult replace the deciduous teeth with?

A

32

27
Q

3rd molars are often called what?

A

Wisdom teeth - not usually room for them

28
Q

What cranial nerves supply tongue muscles?

A

CN X and mostly CN XII

29
Q

What cranial nerves supply sensation to the tongue?

A

CN V3 - lingual nerve
CN VII - Chorda tympani
CN IX
CN X - internal laryngeal nerve

30
Q

What cranial nerve innervates the parotid gland?

A

CN IX

31
Q

What nerve carries pre-synaptic fibers to the parotid gland and what ganglion do the fibers synapse to?

A

Lesser petrosal nerve - otic ganglion

32
Q

What nerve carries post-synaptic fibers to the parotid gland?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)

33
Q

What cranial nerve innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands?

A

CN VII

34
Q

What nerve carries pre-synaptic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands and what ganglion do the fibers synapse to?

A

Chorda Tympani - Submandibular ganglion

35
Q

What cranial nerve innervates the lacrimal glands?

A

CN VII

36
Q

What nerve carries pre-synaptic fibers to the lacrimal gland and what ganglion do the fibers synapse to?

A

Greater petrosal nerve - pterygopalatine ganglion

37
Q

What nerve carries post-synaptic fibers to the lacrimal gland?

A

Zygomatic (V2) - uses a communicating branch to reach lacrimal nerve of V1 to innervate lacrimal gland

38
Q

What are the muscles that constrict the pharynx/pharyngeal wall?

A

Superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

39
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

O: Pterygoid hamulus, posterior aspect of mylohyoid line and lateral side of tongue
I: Pharyngeal tubercle
IN: Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (CNX)

40
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of middle pharyngeal constrictor?

A

O: Stylohyoid ligament and hyoid bone
I: Pharyngeal raphe
IN: Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve and recurrent branch of laryngeal nerve

41
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation of inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

O: Thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage
I: pharyngeal raphe
IN: Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve and recurrent branch of laryngeal nerve

42
Q

Actions of superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors?

A

Constrict pharyngeal wall

43
Q

What are the palate muscles?

A

Tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini

44
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of tensor veli palatini

A

O: Spine of sphenoid bone and cartilage of auditory tube
I: Palatine aponeuroses
IN: Medial Pterygoid N (V3)
Action: tense soft palate

45
Q

Origin, insertion, innervation and action of levator veli palatini

A

O: Cartilage of auditory tube and temporal bone
I: Palatine aponeuroses
IN: Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve
Action: elevate soft palate

46
Q

What can result if either or both tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini are paralyzed?

A

Reflux of oral cavity contents into the nasal cavity and pharyngotympanic tube dysfunction

47
Q

What are the muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx?

A

Palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, stylopharyngues

48
Q

Insertion of the muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx?

A

Thyroid cartilage and lateral pharynx and esophagus

49
Q

Origin and innervation of palatopharyngeus

A

O: hard palate and palatine aponeuroses
IN: pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve

50
Q

Origin and innervation of salpingopharyngeus

A

O: cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube
IN: Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve

51
Q

Origin and innervation of stylopharyngues

A

O: styloid process
IN: GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL N.

52
Q

What are the extrinsic tongue muscles?

A

Palatoglossus, genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus

53
Q

Which tongue muscle is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

A

Palatoglossus - vagus pharyngeal branch

54
Q

Action of palatoglossus?

A

Elevate posterior tongue and draw soft palate toward tongue

55
Q

Action of styloglossus?

A

Retract and elevate tongue

56
Q

Action of genioglossus?

A

Depress and protrude tongue

57
Q

Action of hyoglossus?

A

Retract and depress tongue

58
Q

Stage 1 of swallowing and is it voluntary or involuntary?

A

Voluntary

Bolus pushed from mouth to oropharynx by muscles of tongue and soft palate

59
Q

Stage 2 and 3 of swallowing are voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary!

60
Q

Stage 2 of swallowing

A

Soft palate seals off nasopharynx

Suprahyoid and longitudinal pharyngeal muscles shorten and widen pharynx to receive food and larynx is elevated

61
Q

Stage 3 of swallowing

A

Sequential contraction of all 3 pharyngeal constrictors to force food into esophagus

62
Q

What innervates the nasopharynx?

A

CN V2

63
Q

What innervates the oropharynx and laryngopharynx?

A

Sensory innervation from CN IX and X from the pharyngeal plexus

Neuroendocrine (47 decks)

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