Neck Anatomy Flashcards
What are the identifiable aspects and where is the hyoid bone?
It is suspended by muscles at C3-C4 level and has a body, lesser horn and greater horn
What are the unpaired laryngeal cartilages?
Epiglottis, thyroid and cricoid
What is the main paired laryngeal cartilage?
Arytenoid
What are the big muscles in the neck?
Sternocleidomastoid, Anterior scalene, Middle scalene, posterior scalene
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of SCM
O: sternum and clavicle
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone
IN: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Action: Flex, laterally flex neck and protrude head
Origin, insertion of anterior scalene
O: Anterior tubercles of TP of C3-C6
I: 1st rib
Origin, insertion of middle scalene
O: Posterior tubercles of TP of C2-C7
I: 1st rib
Origin, insertion of posterior scalene
O: Posterior tubercles of TP of C5-C7
I: 2nd rib
Innervation and action of all scalene muscles
IN: Anterior rami
Action: Extend and laterally flex neck
What muscles are in the suprahyoid group?
Mylohyoid, geniohyoid, digastric muscles and stylohyoid
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of mylohyoid
O: mylohyoid line of mandible
I: hyoid bone
IN: Nerve to mylohyoid
Action: Elevate hyoid and floor of mouth
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of geniohyoid
O: mental spine of mandible
I: hyoid bone
IN: C1 via hypoglossal nerve
Action: Elevate hyoid bone and widen pharynx
What are the 2 bellies of the digastric mucles?
Anterior belly and posterior belly
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of anterior belly of digastric
O: digastric fossa of mandible
I: hyoid bone
IN: Nerve to mylohyoid
Action: Elevate/stabilize hyoid and depress mandible
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of posterior belly of digastric
O: Mastoid notch of temporal bone
I: hyoid bone
IN: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Action: elevate/stabilize hyoid bone and depress mandible
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of stylohyoid
O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: hyoid bone
IN: Facial nerve
Action: Elevate and retract hyoid bone
What muscles are in the infrahyoid group?
Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thryohyoid
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of sternohyoid
O: sternum
I: hyoid bone
IN: Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
Action: depress hyoid
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of sternothyroid
O: sternum
I: Thyroid cartilage
IN: Ansa cervicalis (C2-C3)
Action: depress thyroid cartilage
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of thyrohyoid
O: thyroid cartilage
I: hyoid bone
IN: C1 via hypoglossal nerve
Action: depress hyoid and elevate thyroid cartilage
What are the 2 bellies of omohyoid?
Superior and inferior
What separates the superior and inferior belly of the omohyoid?
Pretracheal fascia
Origin, insertion, innervation and action of omohyoid
O: internal surface of superior scapula
I: hyoid bone
IN: Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
Action: Depress and retract hyoid
What is known as the facial expression muscle?
Platysma
