Ophthalmology Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
Colored part of eye
Iris
Black part of eye
Pupil
3 layers of tissue in eyeball
- Fibrous sclera and cornea, 2. vascular choroid layer, 3. retina
White part of eye
Sclera
Window of eye; transparent layer covering iris and pupil
Cornea
Layer made up of black pigment cells, absorbs light rays so they aren’t reflected. Has blood vessels for retina
Choroid
Posterior inner part of eye
Fundus
Innermost layer of eye
Retina
Cells for color vision/daytime vision
Cones
Cells for dim light/darkness vision
Rods
Clear, crystalline body of eye
Lens
Structure found on each side of lens connecting choroid and iris
Ciliary bod
Muscles that control shape of lens and secrete aqueous humor
Ciliary muscles
Region on retina which contains fovea
Macula
Depression in center posterior end of retina, has highest concentration of cones
Fovea
Secrete tears
Lacrimal galnds
Where tears pass, keeping eyes moist
Lacrimal ducts
Moist mucous membrane extending continuously to inner layers of eye lids
Conjunctiva
Conjunctiva covering undersurface of eyelids
Palpebral conjunctiva
Conjunctiva coating anterior portion of eyeball
Bulbar conjunctiva
Conjunctiva forming a fold between lid and globe
Fornix conjunctiva
Watery fluid located in anterior and posterior chambers; maintains pressure of eye
Aqueous humor
Area behind lens of eye
Vitreous chamber
Jelly-like fluid located behind lens; maintains ball-like shape of eye
Vitreous humor
Pupil size
Adjustment
Lens becomes thinner or thicker to bring object into focus
Accommadation
Bending of rays on the retina
Refraction
Positioning of both eyeballs to focus on one object
Convergence
Blind spot where optic nerve forms
Optic disk
Point at which fibers of optic nerve cross in brain
Optic chiasm
Transmits touch, pain, pressure etc from eyes to brain
Trigeminal nerve (Cranial nerve V)
