GI: Diseases and Pathology

Question 1

Accumulation of serious fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 1

Ascites

Question 2

Spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ accompanied by pain

Answer 2

Colic

Question 3

Gastric indigestion or ‘upset stomach’

Answer 3

Dyspepsia

Question 4

Vomiting blood

Answer 4

hematemesis

Question 5

excessive vomiting

Answer 5

hyperemesis

Question 6

act of belching

Answer 6

eructation

Question 7

gas or air expelled through anus

Answer 7

flatus

Question 8

bad breath

Answer 8

halitosis

Question 9

black tarry feces; symptom of cancer

Answer 9

melena

Question 10

bright red blood per rectum

Answer 10

hematochezia

Question 11

extreme constipation

Answer 11

obstipation

Question 12

excessive eating

Answer 12

polyphagia

Question 13

gurgling, splashing sound heard over large intestine due to gas passing through liquid contents

Answer 13

borborygmus

Question 14

Oral ulcer caused by recurrent stomatitis

Answer 14

aphthous

Question 15

ulcer creates hole in digestive tissue, allowing food/enzymes to contaminate other organas

Answer 15

perforated ulcer

Question 16

erosions of mucous membrane of the stomach and/or duodenum

Answer 16

peptic ulcer (PUD)

Question 17

inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers

Answer 17

ulcerative colitis

Question 18

Protrusion of organ, tissue, or structure through wall of cavity in which it is naturally contained

Answer 18

Hernia

Question 19

hernia where esophagus passes through the diaphragm

Answer 19

hiatal hernia

Question 20

occurs in groin area

Answer 20

inguinal hernia

Question 21

protrusion of part of intestine at naval

Answer 21

umbilical hernia

Question 22

bowel twists in on itself, creating bowel obstruction

Answer 22

volvulus

Question 23

accumulation of gas and fluid, plus loss of blood supply

Answer 23

ischemia

Question 24

enlargement of veins of mucous membrane of anal canal

Answer 24

hemorrhoids

Question 25

inflammatory condition of intestinal tract; regional ileitis

Answer 25

Crohn disease

Question 26

protruding growth from mucous membrane; often found in colon

Answer 26

polyp

Question 27

slit of mucous membrane of anal canal

Answer 27

anal fissure

Question 28

peristaltic failure

Answer 28

ileus

Question 29

infectious hepatitis; ingestion of contaminated food/water/milk

Answer 29

hepatitis A

Question 30

“serum hepatitis”; via blood, semen etc. vaccination possible.

Answer 30

hepatitis B

Question 31

spread through blood

Answer 31

hepatitis C

Question 32

inborn error of bilirubin metabolism; also called hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 32

Gilbert Syndrome

Question 33

cancerous glandular tumor in stomach

Answer 33

gastric adenocarcinoma

Question 34

cancer of liver cells

Answer 34

hepatocellular carcinomas

Question 35

failure of lower esophageal sphincter to relax

Answer 35

achalasia

Question 36

small sack near end of ileum, should disappear soon after birth

Answer 36

Meckel diverticulum

Question 37

small, blister-like pockets form in walls of large intestine and balloon out.

Answer 37

diverticulosis

Question 38

gallstones, most formed by cholesterol

Answer 38

cholelithiasis

Question 39

inflammation of gallbladder

Answer 39

cholecystitis

Question 40

pain caused by pressure or passing of gallstones

Answer 40

biliary colic

Question 41

abnormal connection between 2 parts of intestine

Answer 41

antiperistaltic anastomosis

Question 42

inflammation, possibly ulceration of lower part of esophagus. caused by reflux etc.

Answer 42

Barrett esophagus.