Cardiology Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Loose fitting sac containing heart

Answer 1

Pericardium

Question 2

inside layer of the heart

Answer 2

endocardium

Question 3

cardiac muscle whose function is contraction

Answer 3

myocardium

Question 4

4 open chambers of the heart

Answer 4

right and left atrium, right and left ventricle

Question 5

accept blood into the heart

Answer 5

atria

Question 6

accept blood from its corresponding atrium and contracts to force blood out of the heart into circulation

Answer 6

ventricles

Question 7

prevent regurgitation back into chamber/vesssel, found between atria/ventricles +vessels

Answer 7

valves

Question 8

heart sounds

Answer 8

lubb-dubb

Question 9

lubb

Answer 9

tricuspid and mitral valves closing

Question 10

dubb

Answer 10

aortic and pulmonic valves cclosing

Question 11

chamber accepting deoxygenated blood as it is returned from circulatory system

Answer 11

right atrium

Question 12

3-cusp valve between right atrium and right ventricle

Answer 12

tricuspid valve

Question 13

chamber accepting deoxygenated blood from right atrium, sends blood for oxygenation

Answer 13

right ventricle

Question 14

valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

Answer 14

pulmonic valve

Question 15

chamber accepting blood from pulmonary veins (now oxygenated)

Answer 15

left atrium

Question 16

valve located between left atrium and left ventricle

Answer 16

mitral valve

Question 17

strongest chamber of the heart; accepts oxygenated blood from left atrium

Answer 17

left ventricle

Question 18

valve located between left ventricle and the aorta

Answer 18

aortic valve

Question 19

septum located between ventricles

Answer 19

interventricular septum

Question 20

septum located between atria

Answer 20

interatrial septum

Question 21

opening within septa in fetus allowing blood to flow directly from right atrium to left, bypassing nonfunctioning lungs

Answer 21

foramen ovale

Question 22

shallow depression on septum marking the place where foramen ovale is located

Answer 22

fossa ovalis

Question 23

small muscular pouch on top of each atrium; expands to increase atrial surface area

Answer 23

auricle

Question 24

blood per minute released by heart

Answer 24

5-35 litres depending on exertion

Question 25

deoxygenated blood is returned to heart then sent to lungs for oxygenation, then sent back to heart

Answer 25

pulmonary circulation

Question 26

oxygenated blood is pumped from heart into network of vessels serving all body systems

Answer 26

systemic circulation

Question 27

3 layers of vessel structure

Answer 27

tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia

Question 28

vessels include (5):

Answer 28

arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

Question 29

impulses from sympathetic nervous system stimulate smooth muscles of the tunica media to contract reducing diameter of the blood vessel

Answer 29

vasoconstriction

Question 30

impulses from sympathetic nervous systems are inhibited; muscle fibers relax and diameter of blood vessel increases

Answer 30

vasodilation

Question 31

vessels which conduct oxygenated blood away from heart into systemic circulation to supply organs+tissue with oxygen

Answer 31

arteries

Question 32

small arteries containing oxygenated blood which branch off arteries into larger circulation network

Answer 32

arterioles

Question 33

organs of exchange, connecting arterioles and venule (delivery+retrieval for co2 and o2)

Answer 33

capillaries

Question 34

vessels which transport deoxygenated blood back to heart

Answer 34

veins

Question 35

smaller veins which form networks connecting capillaries to veins

Answer 35

venules

Question 36

conjunctions between arteries

Answer 36

anastomoses