OPhTHAlMOLOGY 5 Flashcards
causes of corneal opacities
oedema
cells: infiltrate or keratic precipitate
blood vessels
pigment
disorganised collagen
lipid
what are causes of corneal oedema?
*age-related endothelial degeneration
*glaucoma, lens luxation
*corneal ulceration
what is ketatic precipitate
WBC accumulate and adhere to corneal endothelium
what condition?
pigmentary keratitis
what condition?
what are signs of CSK (pannus)?
what is crystalline stromal dystrophy?
it’s made of what?
breed predisposition?
tx?
central/paracentral white crystalline opacity
breed: CKCS, samoyed, beagle, husky
tx: not necessary, rarely progressed
What is lipid keratopathy?
Is it a Primary or secondary condition?
Tx?
secondary: deposition of lipid causes corneal neovascularisation
Secondary
Adress underlying cause/keratectomy
describe needle retrieval of a foreign body
what gague needle?
for superficial only: flush with catheter, may come out.
if not: needle retrival: local anaesthetic, push out with 23/25g needle [do not grasp with forceps: will probaby push it in deeper]
what makes up anterior uvea?
posterior uvea?
what is anisocoria?
miosis?
mydriasis?
what two drugs can be used to dialate pupil? [one is long acting, one short]
tropicamide: short acting
atropine: long acting
what are 3 functions of the ciliary body
anchoring [of the lens]
accomodation [focus]
aqueous [aqueous humour production]
what are some clues to distinguish iridociliary cyst vs tumour?
cyst: smooth walled. hollow in ultrasound
iris melanosis
most common primary uveal neoplasia in dogs?
second?
uveal melanoma
ididociliary adenoma/adenocarcinoma
uveal melanoma is highly metastatic in which species
cats
prognosis for primary uveal neoplasia in dogs?
usually benign, cured with eneucleation
most common
secondary neoplastic disease of the anterior uvea
lymphoma
signs of acute anterior uveitis
pain
redness
aqueous flare
swelling of iris
reduced inctraocular pressure
miosis
corneal oedema
hypopyon & hyphaema
what is aqueous flare?
pathognomonic for anterior uveitis!
what can you expect if you see MOST signs of anterier uveitis, but intraocular rpessure is normal instead of low like you’d expect?
secondary glaucoma
what is iris bombe
iris bombe is a potential complication to anterior uveitis. what is the second one?
visible forward bulge of iris as the aqueous is trapped behind it
also lens luxation
what is hypopyon?
hyphaema?
pus in anterior chamber
blood in anterior chamber
CSK (pannus) always arises from which limbus (lateral/medial)
Lateral
