NEUROLOGY 1 Flashcards
what is pleurothotonus?
what is kyphosis?
opposite of lordosis
what is the difference between decerebrate & decerebellate rigidity?
-in posture
-in where the lesion is
what are 3 types of abnormal gait?
ataxia
paresis
lameness
what are 3 types of ataxia?
-cerebellar
-vestibular
-general proprioceptive/spinal
describe gait in cerebellar ataxia
watch vid::
-lifting limbs slightly as if wearing shoes the first time
describe gait in vestibular ataxia
watch vid::
gait:-crouching to floor, walking slow as if to not loose balance
-head tilt
decribe gait in general proprioceptive/spinal ataxia
watch vid::
-depending on where the spinal cord was impacted, legs will be affected
-often only back legs affected
what is paresis?
inability to generate movement
what are 2 tests for normal/abnormal responses to proprrioception?
-postural responses
-hopping
how can you test the cutaneous trunci reflex?
-what is appropriate response?
-start this test at L___, continue up to T___
-if you start the reflex at bottom and get a normal response, no need to continue test upwards
how can you test the perineal reflex?
-what is appropriate response?
-contraction of anal sphincter with stimulation of perineum
briefly describe pathway of the menace repsonse
briefly describe the pathway of the nasal septal mucosal repsonse
briefly describe the pathway of the nasal septal mucosal reflex
where do we tap to test the palpebral reflex?
which two cranial nerves does it test?
-lateral and medial canthus
[there are different branches of sensory nerve to either sides]
-trigeminal n facial nerve
briefly describe the corneal response
-what is the appropriate response?
briefly describe the pathway fo the gag reflex
briefly describe the pathway fo the vestibulo-ocular reflex
what are some (5) unique signs of forebrain disease?
what are some (5) unique signs of brainstem disease?
what are some (5) unique signs of cerebellar disease?
What are the 5 categories/splits of spinal cord segments
a spinal cord lesion in which segment would have improper withdrawal reflexes in thoracic limbs?
pelvic limbs?
thoracic: C6-T2
pelvic: L4-S1
a spinal cord lesion in which segment(s) would have para/mono plegia?
tetra/hemi plegia?
no plegia?
tetra/hemi: C1-C5, C6-T2
para/mono: T3-L3, L4-S1
none: S1-S3
a spinal cord lesion in which segment(s) would affect perianal reflex and derease anal tone?
S1-S3
DO THE MINITEST
i thunk the answer is L4S1?
