Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals : Ocular Allergy Medications Flashcards
What is Histamine?
The stuff allergies are made of
Where are chemical messengers stored?
Mast cells
Where are neurotransmitters stored?
In the brain
What does histamine do in our body?
Allergic reactions
Immune response
Gastric Acid Secretion
Neurotransmitter in brain
What is the response if allergy antigens are detected?
Allergic response
What is the response given to antigens?
IgG for an increase _____
Immune response
What is Gastric Acid Secretion for?
Digestion
What is limited in the brain?
Neurotransmitters
What type of reaction can occur with histamines?
Anaphylaxis
What are the types of Allergic Conjunctivitis?
- Seasonal
- Perennial
- Giant Papillary
- Vernal Kerato
- Atopic Kerato
What type of allergic conjunctivitis associates with pollen, grass, spring?
Seasonal
What type of allergic conjunctivitis associates with dander (pet), food?
Perennial
What allergic reaction deposits onto contact lenses?
Giant Papillary
What is the severe allergic reaction that occurs typically in spring and in young boys/teens?
Vernal
What is the severe allergic reaction that involves the skin, people with eczema and is usually not so common?
Atopic
What are Over the Counter Allergy Pharmaceuticals?
- Artificial Tears
- Vasoconstricors
- Mast Cell Stabilizers
- Anthistamines
What are Prescribes Allergy Pharmaceuticals?
- Mast Cell Stabilizers
- Antihistamines
- Antihistamines with mast cell stabilizers
- Steroids
- NSAIDs
What is the Mechanism of Action of a Mast Cell Stabilizer?
Prevent release of histamines from mast cells
What are examples of Mast Cell Stabilizers?
Alomide (Lodoxamide Tromethamine Solution 0.1%)
What are adverse effects of Mast Cell Stabilizers?
Burning
Stinging
Itching
What is the Mechanism of Action of an Antihistamine/Mast Cell stabilizer?
Suppress migration of Eosinophils (Bepreve)
What blocks histamine binding?
Antihistamine
What block release of histamine?
Mast Cell Stabilizer
What are examples of Antihistamine / Mast Cell Stabilizer?
Pataday (Olapotidine Hydrochloride Solution)
Zaditor (Ketotifen Fumarate Solution)
Bepreve (Bepotastine Besilate Solution)
What is the Mechanism of Action of Corticosteroid?
Inhibits Phospholipase A2 Enzyme
Prevent release of Arachidonic Acid
What enzyme is inhibited by Corticosteroids?
Phospholipase A2
What does Corticosteroid prevent to release?
Arachidonic Acid
What is an example of a Corticosteroid?
Alrex (Loteprenol Etabonate Suspension)
What is the Mechanism of Action of NSAIDs?
Inhibit COX 1 and COX 2
Prevents prostaglandin production
What enzymes do NSAID’s inhibit?
COX 1 and COX 2
What does NSAID prevent to produce?
Prostaglandin
What are examples of NSAID’s?
Acular LS (Ketoralac Tromethamine sol 0.4%)
What are Adverse Effects of NSAID’s?
Burning, Stinging, Hyperemia
Corneal Ulceration
Corneal Melts
