Ocular Diseases : Neuro Ophthalmology Flashcards
What is the afferent pathway?
Eye to Brain
What is the efferent pathway?
Brain to Eyes
What is Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect?
RAPD
Pupils respond to differently to light shone in the eye
What are the causes?
Retinal
Retinal Detachment
Artery or Vein Occlusion
What are the causes?
Optic Nerve
Tumor
Asymmetric Glaucoma
What syndrome is presented with miosis, ptosis and anhidrosis?
Horner Syndrome
What syndrome is presented with constricted pupil, excessive sweating and droopy eyelid?
Horner Syndrome
What is Horner Syndrome caused by?
Stroke Tumour Goitre Spinal Cord Injury MS
What disorder is the abnormal dilation of one pupil?
Adie’s Tonic Pupil
What is Adie’s Tonic Pupil caused by?
Idiopathic
Post Viral Infection
What are signs and sympotoms of Adie’s Tonic Pupil?
Larger and Sluggish pupil
What cranial nerve innervates
- Superior Rectus
- Inferior Rectus
- Medial Rectus
- Inferior Oblique
CN 3
What cranial nerve innervates :
- Superior Oblique
CN 4
What cranial nerve innervates :
- Lateral Rectus
CN 6
What cranial nerve palsy is poor abduction and esotropia?
CN 6
What is CN 6 palsy caused by?
Ischemia
Diabetes
Arteriosclerosis
Hypertension
What cranial nerve palsy is weakness or paralysis of the SO muscle?
vertical or near vertical double vision?
CN 4
What is CN 4 caused by?
Traumatic Injury
Aneurysm
What cranial nerve palsy is when the eye is “down and out”, ptosis, and dilated pupil?
CN 3
What is CN 3 caused by?
Diabetes Vascular disorders Atherosclerosis MS Myasthenia Gravis
What are the signs of Nystagmus?
Involuntary, rapid and repetitive movement of the eyes
What are the causes of Nystagmus?
Congenital
Stroke
Head Injury
Drug / Alcohol Use