Oncology 3 Flashcards
Ribociclib side effect?
Neutropenia
Lapatinib mechanism of action?
Lapatinib side effect?
Dual blocker - EGFR/HER
SE : Cardiac toxicity, diarrhea
Imantinib side effect?
Muscular cramps
Maculopapular rash
Abiraterone side effect
given with?
SE : Hepatotoxicity, Hypokalemia, Fluid retention
Give with low dose prednisolone
Enzalutamide side effect?
Seizures
In melanoma what amino acid is substituted?
Valine substituted with glutamic acid
Tumor evading immune elimination -methods?
- Antigenicity lost - loss of protein surface to be recognized by MHC
- Immunosuppressive properties - secrete TGFB, IL10
- Recruit immunosuppressive leucocytes
Melanoma treatment?
Dual blockade = CTLA4 + PDL1 for 3 months then
PD1- inhibitor for 2 years!
What immunotherapy complication is not reversible?
Endocrinopathies
Cytarabine used only in?
Lymphoma
Leukemia
Tumor suppressor gene is involved in what function?
DNA repair mechanisms - p53/BRCA
Gene deletion
Oncogene involved in what function?
Gain of mutation - KRAS/BRAF
Gene mutation
Tumor markers for screening purpose?
AFP - non-seminoma testicular cancer
CEA - CRC
Typhilitis treatment?
Gram -ve antibiotics
Common disease to come back during chemotherapy?
TB and Hep B ( Lamivudine for 12 months after commencement of chemotherapy)
what chemotherapy causes premature menopause?
Alkylating agents
What chemotherapy spares bone marrow?
Bleomycin
Vincristine
Cisplatin
- Vicar of Christ Cisplatins spares Bleone
Prostate cancer cells arises from where?
Peripheral prostate gland
Adjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer when?
Haemorrhagic tumour
Large rectal mass
Rectal cancer with LN positive
FAP is due to what mutation and definition of it?
MUTYH (MAP) gene mutation - failure of base excision repair pathway
APC gene mutation - lots of adenomas
Lynch syndrome is due to what mutation and definition of it?
MLH1 loss- promoter methylation - sporadic
MSH2/6 loss -microsatellite instability
Mismatch repair deficiency leads to?
Microsatellite instability
ctDNA function?
Response and any recurrence to adjuvant therapy
No use if have definitive surgical resection
5FU requires what to increase half life?
Leucovorin
VEGF inhibitor : Bevacizumab use in what type of CRC?
EGFR inhibitor : Cetuximab/Pannitumumab use in what type of CRC?
Right sided colon or RAF/RAS
Wild type and non-EGFR resistance
BRAF usually in which side CRC?
RAS usually in which side CRC?
Right side and poorer prognosis ( midgut)
BRAF - Right and Fucked
Left side and better prognosis (hindgut)
Irinotecan needs what enzyme?
UAT-181 enzyme to metabolize SN38 (active metabolite)
Cyclophosphamide side effect?
Interstitial pneumonitis/pulmonary fibrosis
Severe cardiotoxicity ( Bone marrow transplant regimen)
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Daunorubicin side effect apart from cardiac toxicity?
Radiation recall rash reaction - site receiving radiotherapy previously - rash erupts
ifosfamide usage in?
side effect?
How to limit the damage?
Sarcoma and Mets Germ cell testicular cancer
Proximal tubule dysfunction - proteinuria/aminoaciduria/glycosuria
Increased b-2 microglobulin secretion
limit cumulative dose
