Immunology 1 Flashcards
Serum sickness is what type of hypersensitivity?
Type III - immune complexes deposition
Serum-like sickness is what?
Similar presentation to serum sickness WITHOUT immune complex deposition
Presentation of the serum sickness
Fever/ Arthralgia/ Urticarial polycyclic wheals
GCA most sensitive test
Long temporal artery biopsy
GCA has high risk of what aneurysms?
Thoracic aorta aneurysm
Small vessel vasculitis test?
Indirect immunofluorescence first - if positive then ANCA
MPA strong clinical features
hematuria, renal impairment
ANCA prevent a1AT from?
Mopping up free PR3
Neutrophils extracellular traps (NETS) links what?
Adaptive and innate immunity
NETS promote what?
Thrombosis via histone/TF expression
Activate complements
Inflammatory mediators
Wegener/ GPA associated with what deficiency?
a1AT deficiency - PR3 not inhibited
In Wegener/GPA - what deficiency subtype most severe?
ZZ phenotype
Induction treatment for GPA/Wegeners?
CYP
Maintenance - AZA
PAN has what involvement and doesn’t have what involvement?
Involvement - Peripheral neuropathy and mesenteric ischemia
No involvement - No GN/No Lung hemorrhage/ No p-ANCA
Drug-induced vasculitis - commonest drug?
PTU - accumulates in neutrophils and bind to MPO
Which ANCA a/w more relapses?
P-ANCA
How IgG inhibit IgE?
Bind same receptor site - FcyRL (on mast cell)
Dirty environment - what T cell response dominates?
Clean environment - what T cell response dominates?
Dirty - Th1
Clean - Th2
IL5 role?
Eosinophils production
Specific immunotherapy mechanism? (SIT)
Mast cell/Basophils desensitisation first
APC next
Regulation of T cell next
Regulation of B cell next
How mast cell activated?
IgE bind with receptor FceRI (on mast cell)
Atopy definition?
IgE production
Allergy definition?
Hypersensitivity reaction
Hypersensitivity definition?
reproducible symptoms/signs by stimulus at tolerated dose!
Commonest primary immunodeficiency in Australia?
CVID
Commonest infection for primary immunodeficiency?
Sino-pulmonary infection
Herpes infection
HPV
CVID patients’ mortality increased if they have concurrent?
Bronchiectasis
Immune dysregulation
Low IgG - next step?
Find out the cause of low IgG, -? hematology malignancy in elderly
Check for vaccination response
not yet indication for Immunoglobulin replacement
Lymphoproliferative disorder
-Strong stimulus marker?
Mitogen
Neutrophil function test
Nitroblue Tetrazolium blue - changes color to blue if have NADPH enzyme
Neutrophil oxidative burst - will burst - multiple fluorescence dye visible if NADPH enzyme present
What complement defect associated with recurrent sino-pulmonary infection?
Classical pathway - C2!
What complement defect associated with meningococcal sepsis?
C5b-C9
