Oncology 2 Flashcards
Commonest cause of SVC obstruction syndrome?
NSCLC
Ki67 expressions is what?
Cancer - cell proliferation
Ki67 is not expressed in what stage of cell cycle?
G0
Most significant prognostic risk factor for early breast cancer?
number of Lymph nodes involved
Most aggressive type of breast cancer?
Triple negative - basal like
How tamoxifen causes VTE?
Inhibition of anti-thrombin III
Aromatase inhibitor tend to cause what?
Osteoporosis- higher fracture risk
Younger than <50 years old - screen for breast cancer use what imaging and why?
US/ MRI breast- tissue denser
Most common breast cancer subtype?
DCIS
High risk factors for breast cancer?
Triple negative
High Ki67
HER2+
Bone mets in breast cancer prognosis?
Organ mets in breast cancer prognosis?
Bone - years
Organ - months
ER/PR positive breast cancer treatment? (in progression)
1st line Hormone therapy ( AI/ Tamoxifen)
2nd line - (AI)
3rd line - mTORI inhibitor - Everolimus + Examestane
HER2+ breast cancer treatment
1st line - Transtuzumab ( + rapidly progressive cancer)
IF relapse after > 6 months = Transtuzumab + Pertuzumab + Chemotherapy
IF relapse after < 6 months = Lapatinib ( cross BBB - for brain mets)
Bone mets from breast cancer management?
Denosumab best
When add chemotherapy in breast cancer?
LN involved + high risk factors for breast cancer present
When add radiotherapy in breast cancer?
Tumor > 4 cm and 4 LN positive
Endometrial cancer is what histology subtype?
Adenocarcinoma
Docetaxel side effect?
Cabazitaxel side effect?
Neutropenic sepsis/ peripheral neuropathy
Neutropenia/diarrhea
VHL gene does what?
Keeps HIF in check
Commonest cancer in Australia
1st - Breast cancer
2nd - CRC
Brains mets from what cancer commonly have ICH?
Melanoma
Thyroid
Renal cell carcinoma
Right sided Colorectal comes from ?
Left sided Colorectal comes from?
Right - Midgut
Left - hindgut
Immunochemistry staining specific for melanoma?
S100 and Melan-A
CRC expresses what receptor?
Cox2 receptor - so use aspirin
Oesophageal Cancer -Adenocarcinoma type
Protective?
Risk factor?
Protective - H. pylori
Risk factor - Barret’s, GORD
Oesophageal Cancer - SCC type
Protective?
Risk factors?
Protective - Smoking/ETOH/HPV
Risk factors - p16+ve
Cetuximab/panitumumab side effect?
Acneiform rash
Hypomagnesium
Diarrhea
Erlotinib side effect?
Pulmonary toxicity
Hepatic derangement
Skin rash - tx with doxycyline
Osimertinib side effect?
Prolonged QTc
When use CDK4/6?
Luminal subtype of breast cancer
