Neurology 5

Question 1

Thalamus role?

Thalamus in parkinson?

Answer 1

Sensory cortex
Inhibit GABA

No more inhibition ( loss of dopaminergic neurons) = unwanted movements

Question 2

Familial CJD - mutation?

Answer 2

PRNP mutation

Question 3

CJD - what result seen in LP?

Answer 3

Protein 14-3-3

Caudate hyperintensity on MRI

Question 4

Progressive Bulbar palsy a/w what mutation?

Answer 4

SOD1 -glutamate toxicity

Question 5

Teriflunomide MOA?

Answer 5

inhibit dihyro-oorotate dehydrogenase - disrupts pyrimidine

Question 6

Glatiramer MOA?

Answer 6

Myelin protein mimicker

Question 7

Dimethyl fumarate MOA?

Answer 7

NF2 activator - protect neuron from oxidative stress

Question 8

Alemtuzumab famous side effect?

Answer 8

Autoimmune thyroiditis

Question 9

Cladribine MOA?

Answer 9

Cut off memory B cells, decrease lymphocytes

Question 10

Relapse remitting MS has what feature?

Answer 10

Bilateral INO

Unilateral Optic neuritis

Question 11

Focal impaired awareness arises from what cortex?

focal seizure = EEG finding?

Answer 11

Mesial temporal lobe - hippocampus

Anterior temporal lobe spike

Question 12

Hyperventilation can induce what type of seizure?

Answer 12

Absence seizure

Question 13

Which AED is non-linear kinetics?

Answer 13

Gabapentin

Phenytoin

Question 14

Which AED is renally secreted?

Answer 14

Gabapentin

Levetiracetam

Question 15

Which AED is safe in pregnancy?

Answer 15

Levetiracetam

Lamotrigine

Question 16

Wallerian degeneration?

Answer 16

WALL-E = distant future = degeneration distal to axon injury

Question 17

Haemotoxylin-Eosin staining for what?

Answer 17

ANCA vasculitis
Amyloid
Sarcoidosis
-all have asymmetric progressive neuropathy

Question 18

Multifocal motor neuropathy commonest presentation?

Answer 18

Wrist drop

+ve anti-GM1

Question 19

Acute MG - lung function test?

Chronic MG - lung function test?

Answer 19

PEFR (acute)

FVC ( chronic)

Question 20

IBM antibodies is what?

Answer 20

anti-NTSC1a

Question 21

what connects wernicke and broca area?

Answer 21

Arcuate fasciculus

Question 22

Hemicrania continua a/w what?

Answer 22

pituitary adenoma/prolactinoma

Question 23

MRI changes a/w Enterovirus?

Answer 23

Basal ganglia/brainstem

Question 24

Viral encephalitis complications?

Answer 24

Chronic amnesiac state

Kluver-bucy syndrome (B/L temporal lobe)

Question 25

Cranial nerves
purely motor

purely sensory

Answer 25

Sensory : 1, 2 and 8 ( I 2 sensed hunger and ATE(8)

Everything else is purely motor except 5,7,9,10

Mixed : 5,7,9,10

Question 26

What nerves passes through cavernous sinus?

Answer 26

3,4,5,6

Question 27

Ramsay Hunt syndrome means VZV reactivation where?

Answer 27

7th nerve geniculate ganglion

Question 28

7th nerve palsy at pontine due to?

7th nerve palsy at cerebellopontine angle due to?

Answer 28

Pontine - Vascular, tumour

CP angle - acoustic neuroma

Question 29

Strongest risk factor for recurrent TIA/stroke

Answer 29

Severe carotid artery stenosis

Question 30

TACI cardinal signs?

site of lesion?

Answer 30

Higher centre dysfunction
Homonymous hemianopia
Motor/sensory = 2/3 face/arm/leg

Site - ICA/ proximal MCA - M1

Question 31

PACI cardinal signs?

Site of lesion

Answer 31

DANISH signs
Dysdiadochokinesia/Ataxia/Nystagmus/Intentional tremors/Slurred speech/Hypotonia

Site - Distal MCA