Neurology 5 Flashcards
Thalamus role?
Thalamus in parkinson?
Sensory cortex
Inhibit GABA
No more inhibition ( loss of dopaminergic neurons) = unwanted movements
Familial CJD - mutation?
PRNP mutation
CJD - what result seen in LP?
Protein 14-3-3
Caudate hyperintensity on MRI
Progressive Bulbar palsy a/w what mutation?
SOD1 -glutamate toxicity
Teriflunomide MOA?
inhibit dihyro-oorotate dehydrogenase - disrupts pyrimidine
Glatiramer MOA?
Myelin protein mimicker
Dimethyl fumarate MOA?
NF2 activator - protect neuron from oxidative stress
Alemtuzumab famous side effect?
Autoimmune thyroiditis
Cladribine MOA?
Cut off memory B cells, decrease lymphocytes
Relapse remitting MS has what feature?
Bilateral INO
Unilateral Optic neuritis
Focal impaired awareness arises from what cortex?
focal seizure = EEG finding?
Mesial temporal lobe - hippocampus
Anterior temporal lobe spike
Hyperventilation can induce what type of seizure?
Absence seizure
Which AED is non-linear kinetics?
Gabapentin
Phenytoin
Which AED is renally secreted?
Gabapentin
Levetiracetam
Which AED is safe in pregnancy?
Levetiracetam
Lamotrigine
Wallerian degeneration?
WALL-E = distant future = degeneration distal to axon injury
Haemotoxylin-Eosin staining for what?
ANCA vasculitis
Amyloid
Sarcoidosis
-all have asymmetric progressive neuropathy
Multifocal motor neuropathy commonest presentation?
Wrist drop
+ve anti-GM1
Acute MG - lung function test?
Chronic MG - lung function test?
PEFR (acute)
FVC ( chronic)
IBM antibodies is what?
anti-NTSC1a
what connects wernicke and broca area?
Arcuate fasciculus
Hemicrania continua a/w what?
pituitary adenoma/prolactinoma
MRI changes a/w Enterovirus?
Basal ganglia/brainstem
Viral encephalitis complications?
Chronic amnesiac state
Kluver-bucy syndrome (B/L temporal lobe)
Cranial nerves
purely motor
purely sensory
Sensory : 1, 2 and 8 ( I 2 sensed hunger and ATE(8)
Everything else is purely motor except 5,7,9,10
Mixed : 5,7,9,10
What nerves passes through cavernous sinus?
3,4,5,6
Ramsay Hunt syndrome means VZV reactivation where?
7th nerve geniculate ganglion
7th nerve palsy at pontine due to?
7th nerve palsy at cerebellopontine angle due to?
Pontine - Vascular, tumour
CP angle - acoustic neuroma
Strongest risk factor for recurrent TIA/stroke
Severe carotid artery stenosis
TACI cardinal signs?
site of lesion?
Higher centre dysfunction
Homonymous hemianopia
Motor/sensory = 2/3 face/arm/leg
Site - ICA/ proximal MCA - M1
PACI cardinal signs?
Site of lesion
DANISH signs
Dysdiadochokinesia/Ataxia/Nystagmus/Intentional tremors/Slurred speech/Hypotonia
Site - Distal MCA
