OCTA 201 Final Exam Flashcards
activities oriented toward taking care of ones own body (Practice Framework)
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
What are some examples of ADLs?
bathing eating dressing functional mobility etc.
activities to support daily life within the home and community that often require more complexity (Practice Framework)
Instrumental activities of daily life (IADLs)
What are some examples of IADLs?
care of others driving communication management financial management health management
various kinds of life activities in which individuals, groups, or populations engage
Occupations
What are the 8 occupations?
ADLs IADLs Rest and Sleep Education Work Play Leisure Social participation
values/beliefs/spirituality, body functions, and body structures that reside within the client that influence the clients performance in occupations
Client Factors
observable elements of action that have an implicit functional purpose
Performance Skills
What are some performance skills?
Motor skills
Process skills
Social interaction skills
habits, routines, roles, and rituals used in the process of engaging in occupations or activities
Performance Patterns
a variety of interrelated conditions that are within and surrounding the client
Context
the external physical and social conditions that surround the client and in which the client’s daily life occupations occur
Environment
Context includes:
Cultural
Personal
Temporal
Virtual
Environment includes:
Physical
Social
actions designed and selected to support the development of performance skills and performance patterns to enhance occupational engagement
Activities
methods done by the practitioner that prepare the client for occupational performance
Preparatory Methods
tasks done by the client that prepare them for occupational performance
Preparatory Tasks
efforts directed toward promoting occupational justice and empowering clients to seek and obtain resources to fully participate in daily life activities
Advocacy
involve various aspects, including the actual objects of the activity, space and social demands, sequencing and timing, and the requirements of body functions and structures to succeed in activity participation
Activity Demands
What does the OT process includes?
Evaluation
Intervention
Outcomes
What are the 2 purposes that AOTA Code of Ethics serve?
- provide core values to guide OT practitioners
* provides enforceable “principles and Standards of Conduct” that apply to AOTA members
What are the 7 core values of the Code of Ethics?
Altruism Equality Freedom Justice Dignity Truth Prudence
this core value involves demonstrating concern for the welfare of others
Altruism
this core value refers to treating all people impartially and free of bias
Equality
this core value allows the values and desires of the client to guide interventions
Freedom
this core value expresses providing fair and appropriate treatment. Respect for laws, policies, clients.
Justice
this core value involves treating the client with respect in all interactions
Dignity
this core value involves providing accurate information in oral, written, or electronic forms
Truth
this core value involves practitioners having “good judgement” by using their clinical and ethical reasoning skills, sound judgement, and reflection to make decisions in professional and volunteer roles
Prudence
What are the 6 Principles and Standards of Conduct?
Beneficence Nonmaleficence Autonomy Justice Veracity Fidelity
this principle involves OT personnel demonstrating a concern for the well-being and safety of the recipients of their services. (kindness)
Beneficence
this principle obligates OT personnel to refrain from actions that cause harm to others
Nonmaleficence
this principle involves OT personnel respecting the rights of individuals to refuse services (self-determination). privacy, confidentiality, and consent
Autonomy
this principle involves OT personnel promoting “fairness” and objectivity in the provision of OT services
Justice
this principle involves OT personnel representing themselves with “accurate” credentials (truthful/honest)
Veracity
this principle involves OT personnel treating clients, colleagues, and other professionals with respect and refrain from communication that is derogatory or disrespectful. (loyalty)
Fidelity
National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT) is responsible for what?
certification
Maryland Board of OT Practice is responsible for what?
- licensure
- receiving/resolving complaints
- setting standards of practice of OT through regulations and legislation
viewed as a cooperative process by the COTA and OT in participating in a joint effort to establish, maintain, and or elevate a level of competence and performance
Supervision
What can’t the OTA do?
- initiate and interpret evaluation
* initiate treatment plan
What is the primary role of the OTA?
treatment
Who is responsible for all aspects of the OT service delivery and is accountable for the safety and effectiveness of the OT service delivery process?
OTR
What is the purpose for a purposeful activity?
- evaluate patient
* treat patient
What does PEOP primarily focus on?
the performance of the occupation the person wants to do
Which section of the PEOP model changes/grows with a person over their lifetime?
the occupations and performance of those occupations
A client centered model that focuses on ADL’s, motivation, and the personal characteristics that influence the person’s ability to manage the environment
Person-Environment-Occupation- Performance (PEOP) Model
Critical assumption of the PEOP model?
occupational performance is influenced by the relationship between person and environment
A frame of reference that includes these four treatment strategies:
Rood
Bobaths Neurodevelopmental Treatment
Brunnstrom
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
Motor Control Frame of Reference
A frame of reference originated by Claudia Allen that was originally used on psychiatric patients and now with any patient with a cognitive limitation (Dementia, Mental Retardation, etc)
Cognitive Disabilities Frame of Reference
What do the regulations state with regard to supervision of the COTA/L by the OTR/L?
Periodic supervision
the application of evaluative, consultative, preventative, and therapeutic services delivered through telecommunications and information technologies
Teleheath
What do all four of motor control treatments focus on?
- Motor control
- Coordinated movement patterns
- Maintaining balance
- Emphasize the CNS control of movement
What does the “S” (Subjective) in a SOAP note include?
expresses the clients perspective regarding his/her condition or treatment. (ex. limitations, concerns, problems, feelings, attitudes, goals, plans, etc.)
What does the “O” (Objective) in a SOAP note include?
all measurable, quantifiable, and observable data obtained during your clients OT session is recorded. (what the client did, for how long, purpose, and what OTA observed)
What does the “A” (Assessment) in a SOAP note include?
consists of the OT practitioner’s skilled appraisal of the clients progress, functional limitations, pertinent issues, and expected gains from rehabilitation. (3 P’s. problem, progress, potential)
What does the “P” (Plan) in a SOAP note include?
determine and set forth the specific interventions that will be used to achieve the occupational therapy goals. (LTG/STG , frequency and duration of treatment, clients benefits, clients priorities)
a legal document that provides an electronic or written history of a clients past and present health
Electronic medical/health record
*set of moral principles or values that guide the conduct of an individual or group in personal & professional endeavors, *helps determine right from wrong
Ethics
Where do ethics come from?
grounded within someones morals, values, culture, religion through childhood within our family
when a choice must be made between 2 equally compelling or appealing actions with no clear cut solution to the issue
Ethical Dilemma or Conflict
What are the 3 perspectives of ethical dilemma or conflict?
Personal
Organizational
Societal
values, beliefs, rules, duties, you see as being relevant
Personal morality
often a reflection of the culture or society from which someone is coming from
Societal morality
all of us end up joining some subgroup within our society (organization, club, etc) all of these groups have unspoken moral values
Group (institutional) morality
What are the 2 code of ethics of OT?
Code of Ethics published by AOTA
MD State Board of OT Practice
What are the leading causes of death in 2013?
- heart disease
- cancer
- medical errors
requires looking at a person and populations holistically and within the community
Triple aim
occurs when 2 or more professionals learn with, about, and from each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes
Interprofessional Education
prepare a collaborative practice ready HC workforce, with competencies to work together in interprofessional teams to deliver quality care and achieve improved health outcomes
Goal of interprofessional education
when multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds work together with patients, families, careers, and communities to deliver the highest quality of care
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice
the levels of cooperation, coordination, and collaboration characterizing the relationships between professions delivering patient/centered care
Interprofessional Teamwork
care delivered by intentionally created, usually relatively small work groups in health care who are recognized by others as well as by themselves as having a collective identity and shared responsibility for a patient or groups of patients (rapid response team, palliative care team)
Interprofessional Team-Based Care
IPE have 40 competencies thats grouped into what 4 groups?
- Values/Ethics for Interprofessional Practice
- Roles/Resposibilities
- Interprofessional Communication
- Teams and Teamwork
In what year did President Obama sign the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law?
2010
This law intended to constrain health care costs, increase access to health care and improve quality of care
Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act (ACA or Obamacare)
When was the ACA repealed?
March 2017
Maryland’s official health insurance marketplace where you can shop, compare and enroll in quality health and dental insurance that fits your needs and your budget
Maryland Health Connection
When is open enrollment for health insurance?
November 1- December 15
Who is eligible for using Maryland health connection?
any marylander
Advocates for fair coverage and payment policies for Occupational Therapy
AOTA Federal Regulatory Affairs Department
balanced budget act that limits therapy services
Medicare Part B Therapy Cap
What 2 things have the Federal Regulatory Affairs Department been working on?
- Efforts to repeal the Medicare Part B Therapy Cap
* The Medicare Diabetes Prevention Program (MDPP) Expanded Model
Engages, empowers and motivates client’s through occupational behavior and performance.
MOHO
Volition, habituation and performance are all interrelated components of a person
MOHO
Engages client’s health, well being, and participation in life through evidenced-based and client-centered practice.
Practice Framework
Occupation is influenced by what?
context and environment
What does OT practitioners use teleheath for?
a mechanism to provide services at a location that is physically distinct from the client, thus allowing for services to occur where the client lives, work, plays, if that is needed or desired
Examples of use of OT in Teleheath:
Videoconferencing Text Audio Virtual Web-based Wireless technologies
bill that repeal the ACA
Health Care Reform
covers all people with household incomes below a certain level
Medicare Expansion
a benefit given to an individual, business or institution, usually by the government in the form of a cash payment or tax reduction
Subsidy
How can Apps or Wearable-Sensor Based Systems be used specifically in OT?
Promotes aging in place
Promotes rehabilitation
Assessment of Treatment Efficacy for Clinicians
Benefits of apps managing chronic diseases:
*detect symptoms early
*reduce hospitalizations
*cost effective
*manage health conditions
etc
