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Year 1 Cell Biology > Nervous tissue II > Flashcards

Nervous tissue II Flashcards

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1
Q

Gray matter consists of:

A

Nerve cell bodies and neuroglia

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2
Q

White matter consists of:

A

Myelinated nerve cell axons with some unmyelinated axons and neuroglia

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3
Q

What are ganglia?

A

Collections of nerve cell bodies in the PNS

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4
Q

Thoracolumbar outflow corresponds to what spinal levels?

A

T1 - L2

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5
Q

Craniosacral outflow corresponds to what spinal levels?

A

Cranial nerves + S2 - S4

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6
Q

What does the enteric division of the nervous system control?

A

Peristalsis, gland secretions, blood flow through GI tract

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7
Q

What are the classifications of synapses (based on morphology)?

A
  1. Axodendritic2. Axosomatic3. Axoaxonic
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8
Q

Where are electrical synapses located in humans?

A
  1. Brain stem2. Retina3. Cerebral cortex
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9
Q

Electrical synapses have what kind of intercellular communication?

A

Gap junction

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10
Q

What are the components of a chemical synapse?

A
  1. Presynaptic element2. Synaptic cleft3. Postsynaptic membrane
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11
Q

What is kiss-and-run fusion?

A

When a synaptic vesicle only partially unloads contents

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12
Q

What is collapse fusion?

A

When synaptic vesicle unloads entire contents and fuses to membrane, to be recycled later when membrane gets too large

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13
Q

What is choroid plexus located?

A

Ventricles of brain

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14
Q

What are the components of choroid plexus?

A
  1. Folds of pia mater2. Ependymal cells - simple cuboidal epithelium held together by zonulae occludentes
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15
Q

Does the brain have lymphatics?

A

No

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16
Q

Where is CSF reabsorbed?

A

Arachnoid villi in superior sagittal sinus

17
Q

What is Wallerian degeneration?

A

Segment of PNS axon distal to injury degenerates (anterograde)

18
Q

What is involved in anterograde changes in PNS nerve injury?

A
  1. Segment distal to injury degenerates (Wallerian degeneration)2. Phagocytic cells derived from Schwann cells and blood-derived monocytes clean up debris3. Schwann cells proliferate and along with their external lamina form tubules
19
Q

What is involved in retrograde changes in PNS nerve injury?

A
  1. Proximal to site of injury2. Cell body swells3. Chromatolysis - Nissl bodies move to periphery 4. Nucleus moves to periphery5. Axon grows sprouts and Schwann cells guide them toward target cell6. Essential cells: macrophages, fibroblasts, basal lamina, Schwann cells

Year 1 Cell Biology (40 decks)

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