Exocrine glands

Question 1

Exocrine glands are derived from what type of tissue?

Answer 1

Epithelial

Question 2

How are exocrine glands classified?

Answer 2

1. Type of secretion2. Mode of secretion3. Cell numbers

Question 3

What do mucous glands secrete?

Answer 3

Mucinogens

Question 4

What is mucin?

Answer 4

Hydrated mucinogens

Question 5

What are examples of mucous glands?

Answer 5

1. Goblet cells2. Mucous cells

Question 6

What are mixed glands?

Answer 6

Contain serous and mucous secretory uits

Question 7

What are examples of mixed glands?

Answer 7

1. Submandibular gland2. Sublingual gland

Question 8

What are characteristics of merocrine secretion?

Answer 8

1. Exocytosis2. No loss of plasmalemma or cytoplasm3. Most common

Question 9

What are characteristics of apocrine secretion?

Answer 9

1. Secretory product is released along with apical cytoplasm and apical plasmalemma

Question 10

Mammary glands use what type of secretory gland process for lipids?

Answer 10

Apocrine

Question 11

What are characteristics of holocrine secretion?

Answer 11

The entire cell and its secretory product is released

Question 12

Sebaceous glands use what type of secretory gland process?

Answer 12

Holocrine

Question 13

What are the two shapes of secretory units?

Answer 13

1. Acinus (aka alveolar)2. Tubular

Question 14

What are examples of simple duct systems that do not have an excretory duct?

Answer 14

Stomach / intestinal glands

Question 15

What are two types of intralobular ducts?

Answer 15

1. Intercalated 2. Striated

Question 16

What are myoepithelial cells?

Answer 16

Contractile cells derived from epithelium

Question 17

Myoepithelial cells contain what types of filaments?

Answer 17

Actin and myosin

Question 18

How would you confirm the epithelial origin of myoepithelial cells?

Answer 18

Cytokeratin

Question 19

Where are myoepithelial cells located?

Answer 19

Surround the secretory units of many multicellular glands (mamary, sweat, large salivary) and small ducts and share their basal lamina

Question 20

How are myoepithelial cells connected to epithelial cells?

Answer 20

Desmosomes and gap junctions

Question 21

What is the classification of the parotid gland?

Answer 21

Compound acinar

Question 22

Is the parotid gland purely serous, purely mucous, or mixed?

Answer 22

Purely serous

Question 23

What kind of intralobular ducts does the parotid gland have?

Answer 23

Intralobular and intercalated

Question 24

What is the classification of the submandibular gland?

Answer 24

Compound tubuloacinar

Question 25

Is the submandibular gland purely serous, purely mucous, or mixed?

Answer 25

Mixed, but mostly serous (demilune parts)

Question 26

Are serous demilunes present in living tissue?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

What are the characteristics of the intralobular ducts in the submandibular gland?

Answer 27

Prominent striated ducts, short intercalated ducts

Question 28

What is the classification of the sublingual gland?

Answer 28

Compound tubuloacinar

Question 29

Is the sublingual gland purely serous, purely mucous, or mixed?

Answer 29

Mixed, but mostly mucous (serous demilunes are sparse)

Question 30

What are the characteristics of the intralobular ducts in the sublingual gland?

Answer 30

Less developed than those of other salivary glands

Question 31

What are some symptoms of Sjogren syndrome?

Answer 31

Dry eyes, dry mouth, dysphagia, dysphonia, difficulty tasting, cracked lips, parotid enlargement by 50%

Question 32

What is the classification of the pancreas?

Answer 32

Compound acinar

Question 33

The pancreas is most similar to what other gland?

Answer 33

Parotid

Question 34

What differentiates the pancreas from the parotid gland?

Answer 34

1. Islets of Langerhans2. Centroacinar cells3. Absence of striated ducts

Question 35

What feature is unique to the pancreas?

Answer 35

Centroacinar cells

Question 36

What are the characteristics of the intralobular ducts in the pancreas?

Answer 36

1. Centroacinar cells represent the intra-acinar segment of the intercalated duct2. Large intralobular ducts3. Interlobular ducts4. Duct cells secrete bicarbonate