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Year 1 Cell Biology > GI system I > Flashcards

GI system I Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three types of mucosa in the oral cavity?

A
  1. Masticatory mucosa2. Lining mucosa3. Specialized mucosa
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2
Q

Where is the masticatory mucosa located?

A

Gingivae and hard palate

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3
Q

What type of epithelium makes up the masticatory mucosa?

A

Keratinized and parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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4
Q

Which parts of the masticatory mucosa lack a submucosa?

A

Gingivae and palatine raphe

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5
Q

What is contained in the anterior submucosa of the hard palate?

A

Adipose CT

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6
Q

What is contained in the posterior submucosa of the hard palate?

A

Mucous glands

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7
Q

What anchors the mucosa to the periosteum of the hard palate?

A

Collagen fibers

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8
Q

What type of epithelium makes up the lining mucosa?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous (parakeratinized in some areas)

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9
Q

What are the layers of the lining mucosa?

A
  1. Stratum basale2. Stratum spinosum3. Stratum superficiale
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10
Q

What is associated with the specialized mucosa of the oral cavity?

A

Taste

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11
Q

What are the four types of papillae on the dorsum of the tongue?

A
  1. Filiform2. Fungiform3. Circumvallate4. Foliate
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12
Q

What type of epithelium covers the filiform papillae?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous

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13
Q

What is the only lingual papilla that does NOT have taste buds?

A

Filiform papillae

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14
Q

What type of epithelium covers the fungiform papillae?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium, partial keratinization

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15
Q

Where are the taste buds located in the circumvallate papillae?

A

In the stratified squamous epithelium

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16
Q

What glands empty into the region surrounding the circumvallate papillae?

A

Lingual salivary glands (von Ebner’s glands, serous)

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17
Q

What type of epithelium covers the foliate papillae?

A

Stratified squamous with taste buds

18
Q

What empties into the clefts of foliate papillae?

A

Small serous glands

19
Q

What are the three cell types of taste buds?

A
  1. Neuroepithelial (sensory) cells2. Supporting cells3. Basal cells
20
Q

What are the characteristics of the neuroepithelial (sensory) cells?

A
  1. Apical surface have microvilli2. Connected to neighboring cells via tight junctions3. Form synapses with CN VII, IX, or X
21
Q

What are the characteristics of the supporting cells in taste buds?

A
  1. Contain microvilli and tight junctions2. Prevent cross talk between sensory cells
22
Q

What are the characteristics of the basal cells in taste buds?

A
  1. Located near basal lamina 2. Serve as stem cell population
23
Q

What lies deep to the mucosa of the lip?

A

Submucosa which houses labial salivary glands

24
Q

What kind of secretory cells make up the parotid gland?

A

Only serous

25
Q

What kind of secretory cells make up the submandibular gland?

A

Primarily serous, some mucous

26
Q

What kind of secretory cells make up the sublingual gland?

A

Primarily mucous, some serous

27
Q

What is the acquired pellicle?

A

Protective protein coat on teeth

28
Q

What are the enzymes in saliva?

A
  1. Amylase2. Lipase3. Lysozyme4. Lactoperoxidase
29
Q

What is the role of lactoferrin in saliva?

A

Antibacterial - binds iron so that bacteria cannot use it

30
Q

Which antibody is contained in saliva?

A

IgA

31
Q

What are the layers of the tooth?

A
  1. Enamel - covers anatomic crown, absent at root2. Dentin - present in crown and root3. Cementum - covers root, absent at anatomic crown
32
Q

What covers the root?

A

Cementum only

33
Q

From what tissue is enamel derived?

A

Epithelial tissue

34
Q

What are the stages of tooth development?

A
  1. Bud stage2. Cap stage3. Bell stage4. Amelogenesis
35
Q

What characterizes the bud stage?

A
  1. Invagination of oral epithelium into the mesenchyme2. Mesenchymal cells form the primordium of the dental papilla3. Cells of epithelial tooth bud secrete FGR-4 and BMP-2,4,7 to regulate shape
36
Q

What characterizes the cap stage?

A
  1. Inner enamel epithelium cells differentiate into ameloblasts2. At dental papilla neural crest cells of neuroectoderm differentiate into odontoblasts3. Induced by activin BA and BMP-4 secreted by mesenchyme4. Outer enamel epithelium, stellate reticulum, and stratum intermedium start to appear
37
Q

What characterizes the bell stage?

A
  1. Outer enamel epithelium2. Inner enamel epithelium3. Stratum intermedium - elaborate and transport substances to the ameloblasts4. Stellate reticulum - stellate appearing cells in an ECM of glycosaminoglycans and water
38
Q

What characterizes amelogenesis?

A
  1. Process by which enamel forms2. Mamtrix production or secretory stage carried out by ameloblasts directly on previously formed dentin3. Matrix maturation is carried out by maturation stage ameloblasts - removal of organic components of partially mineralized enamel
39
Q

What characterizes maturation stage ameloblasts?

A

Ruffled borders

40
Q

What are the characteristics of cementum?

A
  1. Cementoblasts actively secrete cementum 2. Avascular3. Sharpey’s fibers (type I collagen) run from cementum to bone of tooth socket
41
Q

What are the characteristics of dentin?

A
  1. Secreted by odontoblasts 2. Odontoblasts are derived from neural crest cells of adjacent mesenchyme3. Elongated processes of odontoblasts are embedded in dentinal tubules4. Secreted throughout life
42
Q

How does the pulp cavity change with age?

A

Becomes smaller as more dentin is secreted

Year 1 Cell Biology (40 decks)

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