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Year 1 Cell Biology > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of epithelium makes up the inner surface of the tympanic membrane?

A

Simple squamous to simple cuboidal

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2
Q

What kind of epithelium lines the middle ear?

A

Simple squamous

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3
Q

What is the function of the tensor tympani?

A

Increase tension on the tympanic membrane

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4
Q

What is the function of the stapedius?

A

Dampens movement of the stapes on the oval window

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5
Q

What is the attenuation reflex?

A

Combined action of stapedius and tensor tympani to protect internal ear from damaging loud sounds

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6
Q

What is otosclerosis?

A

Bone remodeling causing stapes to be fixed onto oval window

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7
Q

What type of epithelium lines the auditory tube?

A

Pseudostratified columnar with goblet cells

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8
Q

What type of epithelium lines the mastoid air cells?

A

Simple squamous

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9
Q

What is the endolymphatic space?

A

Within membranous labyrinth

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10
Q

What is the chemical composition of endolymph?

A

High K+, low Na+

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11
Q

Where is the perilymphatic space?

A

Between membranous and bony labyrinths

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12
Q

What is the chemical composition of the perilymphatic space

A

High Na+, low K+

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13
Q

Where is the cortilymphatic space located?

A

Within the tunnels of the organ of Corti of the cochlea

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14
Q

What is the chemical composition of the cortilymphatic space?

A

High Na+, low k+

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15
Q

What are the two divisions of bony labyrinth?

A
  1. Cochlear labyrinth2. Vestibular labyrinth
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16
Q

How is the cochlear duct connected to the saccule?

A

Ductus reuniens

17
Q

How are the utricle and saccule connected?

A

Utriculosaccular duct

18
Q

What is the crista ampullaris?

A

Sensory receptor located in the ampulla of semicircular duct; for angular movements of the head

19
Q

What are otoliths?

A

Crystalline bodies of calcium carbonate and a protein that are specialized to sense linear movement of head and gravity

20
Q

What is the scala media?

A

Aka cochlear duct; compartment that houses organ of Corti and ends at helicotrema

21
Q

What is the scala media filled with?

A

Endolymph

22
Q

What is the scala vestibuli?

A

Compartment above the cochlear duct

23
Q

What is the scala vestibuli filled with?

A

Perilymph

24
Q

What is the scala tympani?

A

Compartment below the cochlear duct and ends at round window on medial wall of middle ear

25
Q

What is the scala tympani filled with?

A

Perilymph

26
Q

What is the vestibular (Reissner’s) membrane?

A
  1. Separates cochlear duct from scala vestibuli (roof of scala media)2. Two layers of squamous epithelium with tight junctions
27
Q

What fluid does the stria vascularis produce?

A

Endolymph

28
Q

What is the basilar membrane?

A

Forms the floor of the scala media, extends from spiral lamina of modiolus to lateral wall

29
Q

What is the function of the basilar membrane?

A

Supports organ of Corti via spiral ligament

30
Q

Does the organ of Corti have kinocilium?

A

No

31
Q

Discrimination between sound frequencies depends on response of what membrane?

A

Basilar

32
Q

What can cause increased pressure of endolymph?

A
  1. Meniere’s disease2. Dizziness3. Tinnitus4. Vertigo
33
Q

Where is the spiral ganglion located?

A

Modiolus

34
Q

What type of epithelium lines the ossicle?

A

Simple squamous

35
Q

In which plane is the utricle?

A

Horizontal

36
Q

In which plane is the saccule?

A

Verticle

37
Q

What are phalangeal cells?

A

Support hair cells; inner phalangeal cells completely surround inner hair cells

38
Q

What is the tectorial membrane?

A
  1. Membrane that projects over and attaches to organ of Corti by stereocilia of hair cells2. Made of collagen II, V, IX3. Contains glycoproteins called otogelin and tectorin4. Attached medially at modiolus

Year 1 Cell Biology (40 decks)

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