NAVLE - O.O.O's Review 16 Flashcards by Femi O

Contagious equine metritis –

Taylorella equigentalis

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Primary cause of equine infertility –

S. equi zooepidemicus

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– Papules, ulcers, scars on penis, prepuce, vulva

Equine coital exanthema (EHV-3)

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– S. equi equi

Strangles

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– Blue-grey inclusion bodies. Rx oxytet, corticosteroids

Anaplasmosis

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– Phenolic disinfectant, vaccinate

Prevent rotavirus

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Tapeworms (Anocephala sp.) –

Intussusception in adult horses

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– Horses are most susceptible

C. tetani

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4 heart sounds –

Normal in horses

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– Ulcerative pyogranulomatous lesion in nasal s/c tissue

Condibolous

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– Eastern Tent Caterpillar

MRLS

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– Mare has foal but there’s no milk production. Rx Domperidone

Fescue

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– olecranon bursitis rx. Surgical drainage

Shoe boil (Capped elbow)

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– Raised nodules on the cutaneous junction of lips

Melanoma

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Pyrrolizidine Isoerythrolysis –

Qa+ and Aa+

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– Nasal discharge, retching, coughing

Esophageal obstruction

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Rupture of fibularis (peroneus tertius) –

Can simultaneously flex limb and extend hock

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– Involuntary chewing movements, curling lips

Centaurea

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Exercise-induced hemorrhage – Rx

Furosemide

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– Most common mite, dermatitis of distal limb

Choriptic

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– Horse coat does not shed in summer

Cushing’s

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– Associated with epiploic foramen entrapment

Cribbing (Wind sucking)

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– Flared nostrils, stretched neck, coughing

Mass in the throat

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– Milk licking from udder of pregnant animal

Placentitis

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– Magnesium ammonium sulfate

Enterolith

CNS edema Rx –

mannitol

– Reluctance to bring hindlimb forward on trot, drags hind feet

Sacroiliac disease

– Coral like structures in wound

Phytosis

Gestation in horses –

11 months

Tyzzer’s disease –

C. Pilliforme

– Bloody mammary secretions in pregnant mare

Ventral abdominal rupture

– Short anesthetic procedures

Guaifenesin

– Progressive weakness, decrease tongue tone

C. botulinum toxin

– Equine protozoal encephalomyelitis, gluteal atrophy

Sacrocystitis neurona

Cervical stenotic myelopathy mgt –

Restrict exercise

– Respiratory (air), placenta (tissue fluid), aborted fetus

EHV 1

– Thickening or bowing of plantar tarsal ligament

Curb

– Effusion/ inflammation of tarsal sheath of deep digital flexor tendon

Thoroughpin

– Avulsion/ peritonitis of extensor process of 3rd phalanx

Pyramidal disease

– Flaccid uterus, no Cl, follicle < 15mm

Anestrus

– Pelvic limb ataxia, spasticity of thoracic limbs

Degenerative myloencephalopathy

– Bronchioalveolar lavage, bronchiodilator, corticosteroid Rx

RAO

Skin suture size –

2-0

– Prophylaxis: Mineral oil, Ice feet, NSAID

Breaking into feed room

– Foal with hyperplastic goiter

Mare with abnormal iodine levels

– Intermittent unilateral epistaxis

Ethmoid hematoma

Ocean-like sounds –

Sand enteropathy epistaxis Rx. Psyllium

– Erosion of nasal mucosa, coronary band, oral mucosa

Vesicular stomatitis virus

– Atropine, antimicrobial

Corneal ulcer Rx

– Prolonged gestation, poor developing mammary gland, no colostrum

Fescue toxicity

Oxyuris equi test–

Cell phone (Scotch) tape test

Rupture of Longus capitis muscle –

Rearing over backward

Inside macrophage –

Rhodococcus equi

Unilateral facial N. paralysis with right head tilt–

Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy

– Transmitted via blood in equine

EIA

– Rx periosteal elevation of distal radius on concave side

Carpal valgus

– Rx Penicillin, phenyl butazone, cortisteroid

Bastard strangles Rx

– Oral analgesic good for laminitis

Gapapectin

– Dropped fetlock, toe lifted off the ground

Deep digital flexor damage

– Ruptured bladder

Hyperkalemia

– Laceration, shallow breaths

Pneumothorax

–Drain submandibular edema

Strangles Rx

– Curved lips, droopy ears

Facial N. damage

– Twitching, shaking, ataxia

Lidocaine toxicity

Sulfadiazine/ Pyrimethamine

Sarcocystis neurona – Rx

– Primarily due to allergy

RAO

– Rx for Hoof sulci is most with malodourous discharge

Topical copper sulfate

– Check root tooth abscess

Maxillary sinusitis

– Induces high mountain disease

Astralogus

– Palpate tail of epididymitis

To detect torsion in spermatic cord

Foal in crouched position –

Congenital patellar luxation

– Colic and reflux seen after deworming

Impaction with parascaris

Grade 3 and 4 rectal tear –

Affects muscular layers. Rx. Surgery

Grade 1 rectal tear –

Affects mucus and submucosa

– Involuntary chewing, twitching, curling lips

Centaurea sp (Yellow star thistle)

– Pneumonia and pulmonary abscessation in foals 1-5 month

Rhodococcus equi

– Sleepy foal disease

Actinobacillus

Tarsal hydrarthrosis (Swelling and distention of joint capsule) –

Bog spavin

– Tendinitis of the superficial digital flexor

Bowed tendon

– Peritonitis around 2nd and 4th metacarpals/ metatarsals

Splints

– Respiratory distress, high fever Rx

Corticosteroids

– Palpate and visualize proper nasogastric tube

Left side of neck

Uterine artery rupture –

Hemoabdomen

– Hypermetria in all limbs, lymphocytic pleocytosis in spinal fluid

Sacrocystis neurona

Distended viscus in the abdomen –

Large colon displacement

Increase heart rhythm after isoflurane –

Decrease depolarizer and ventilate

– Progressive encephalomyelitis

Bornavirus

Hendra virus (From fruit bats) –

Severe and fatal respiratory distress

– Foal with continuous murmur on L. side

Normal

– Worsening symmetrical ataxia and knuckling

Equine degenerative myelopathy

– resting ACTH

Cushing

– Eye pressure greater than 32 mmHg

Glaucoma

Aural hyperkeratotic plaques –

Lesion is persistent for life

– Prolonged gestation, agalactiae

Fescue

– Exercise intolerance, respiratory noise

Epiglottic entrapment

– Roaring, exercise intolerance

Laryngeal hemiplegia

– Recurrent uveitis most common cause

Glaucoma

Bright red velvet membrane –

Premature placental separation (red bag)

– Nasal discharge after return from a show. Rx Macrolides + rifampin

Strangles (Rhodococcus equi)

Dinoprost (a PGF2alpha analogue) –

To bring mare back into estrus

Aimless walking, pica, pleocytosis –

Equine viral encephalomyelitis

Corneal scrapping Nerve block –

Auriculopalpebral N. block

Enucleation Nerve block –

Supraorbital N. block

Moniesin toxicity–

Cardiomyopathy, GIT upset