NAVLE - O.O.O's Review 16 Flashcards
Contagious equine metritis –
Taylorella equigentalis
Primary cause of equine infertility –
S. equi zooepidemicus
– Papules, ulcers, scars on penis, prepuce, vulva
Equine coital exanthema (EHV-3)
– S. equi equi
Strangles
– Blue-grey inclusion bodies. Rx oxytet, corticosteroids
Anaplasmosis
– Phenolic disinfectant, vaccinate
Prevent rotavirus
Tapeworms (Anocephala sp.) –
Intussusception in adult horses
– Horses are most susceptible
C. tetani
4 heart sounds –
Normal in horses
– Ulcerative pyogranulomatous lesion in nasal s/c tissue
Condibolous
– Eastern Tent Caterpillar
MRLS
– Mare has foal but there’s no milk production. Rx Domperidone
Fescue
– olecranon bursitis rx. Surgical drainage
Shoe boil (Capped elbow)
– Raised nodules on the cutaneous junction of lips
Melanoma
Pyrrolizidine Isoerythrolysis –
Qa+ and Aa+
– Nasal discharge, retching, coughing
Esophageal obstruction
Rupture of fibularis (peroneus tertius) –
Can simultaneously flex limb and extend hock
– Involuntary chewing movements, curling lips
Centaurea
Exercise-induced hemorrhage – Rx
Furosemide
– Most common mite, dermatitis of distal limb
Choriptic
– Horse coat does not shed in summer
Cushing’s
– Associated with epiploic foramen entrapment
Cribbing (Wind sucking)
– Flared nostrils, stretched neck, coughing
Mass in the throat
– Milk licking from udder of pregnant animal
Placentitis
– Magnesium ammonium sulfate
Enterolith
CNS edema Rx –
mannitol
– Reluctance to bring hindlimb forward on trot, drags hind feet
Sacroiliac disease
– Coral like structures in wound
Phytosis
Gestation in horses –
11 months
Tyzzer’s disease –
C. Pilliforme
– Bloody mammary secretions in pregnant mare
Ventral abdominal rupture
– Short anesthetic procedures
Guaifenesin
– Progressive weakness, decrease tongue tone
C. botulinum toxin
– Equine protozoal encephalomyelitis, gluteal atrophy
Sacrocystitis neurona
Cervical stenotic myelopathy mgt –
Restrict exercise
– Respiratory (air), placenta (tissue fluid), aborted fetus
EHV 1
– Thickening or bowing of plantar tarsal ligament
Curb
– Effusion/ inflammation of tarsal sheath of deep digital flexor tendon
Thoroughpin
– Avulsion/ peritonitis of extensor process of 3rd phalanx
Pyramidal disease
– Flaccid uterus, no Cl, follicle < 15mm
Anestrus
– Pelvic limb ataxia, spasticity of thoracic limbs
Degenerative myloencephalopathy
– Bronchioalveolar lavage, bronchiodilator, corticosteroid Rx
RAO
Skin suture size –
2-0
– Prophylaxis: Mineral oil, Ice feet, NSAID
Breaking into feed room
– Foal with hyperplastic goiter
Mare with abnormal iodine levels
– Intermittent unilateral epistaxis
Ethmoid hematoma
Ocean-like sounds –
Sand enteropathy epistaxis Rx. Psyllium
– Erosion of nasal mucosa, coronary band, oral mucosa
Vesicular stomatitis virus
– Atropine, antimicrobial
Corneal ulcer Rx
– Prolonged gestation, poor developing mammary gland, no colostrum
Fescue toxicity
Oxyuris equi test–
Cell phone (Scotch) tape test
Rupture of Longus capitis muscle –
Rearing over backward
Inside macrophage –
Rhodococcus equi
Unilateral facial N. paralysis with right head tilt–
Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy
– Transmitted via blood in equine
EIA
– Rx periosteal elevation of distal radius on concave side
Carpal valgus
– Rx Penicillin, phenyl butazone, cortisteroid
Bastard strangles Rx
– Oral analgesic good for laminitis
Gapapectin
– Dropped fetlock, toe lifted off the ground
Deep digital flexor damage
– Ruptured bladder
Hyperkalemia
– Laceration, shallow breaths
Pneumothorax
–Drain submandibular edema
Strangles Rx
– Curved lips, droopy ears
Facial N. damage
– Twitching, shaking, ataxia
Lidocaine toxicity
Sulfadiazine/ Pyrimethamine
Sarcocystis neurona – Rx
– Primarily due to allergy
RAO
– Rx for Hoof sulci is most with malodourous discharge
Topical copper sulfate
– Check root tooth abscess
Maxillary sinusitis
– Induces high mountain disease
Astralogus
– Palpate tail of epididymitis
To detect torsion in spermatic cord
Foal in crouched position –
Congenital patellar luxation
– Colic and reflux seen after deworming
Impaction with parascaris
Grade 3 and 4 rectal tear –
Affects muscular layers. Rx. Surgery
Grade 1 rectal tear –
Affects mucus and submucosa
– Involuntary chewing, twitching, curling lips
Centaurea sp (Yellow star thistle)
– Pneumonia and pulmonary abscessation in foals 1-5 month
Rhodococcus equi
– Sleepy foal disease
Actinobacillus
Tarsal hydrarthrosis (Swelling and distention of joint capsule) –
Bog spavin
– Tendinitis of the superficial digital flexor
Bowed tendon
– Peritonitis around 2nd and 4th metacarpals/ metatarsals
Splints
– Respiratory distress, high fever Rx
Corticosteroids
– Palpate and visualize proper nasogastric tube
Left side of neck
Uterine artery rupture –
Hemoabdomen
– Hypermetria in all limbs, lymphocytic pleocytosis in spinal fluid
Sacrocystis neurona
Distended viscus in the abdomen –
Large colon displacement
Increase heart rhythm after isoflurane –
Decrease depolarizer and ventilate
– Progressive encephalomyelitis
Bornavirus
Hendra virus (From fruit bats) –
Severe and fatal respiratory distress
– Foal with continuous murmur on L. side
Normal
– Worsening symmetrical ataxia and knuckling
Equine degenerative myelopathy
– resting ACTH
Cushing
– Eye pressure greater than 32 mmHg
Glaucoma
Aural hyperkeratotic plaques –
Lesion is persistent for life
– Prolonged gestation, agalactiae
Fescue
– Exercise intolerance, respiratory noise
Epiglottic entrapment
– Roaring, exercise intolerance
Laryngeal hemiplegia
– Recurrent uveitis most common cause
Glaucoma
Bright red velvet membrane –
Premature placental separation (red bag)
– Nasal discharge after return from a show. Rx Macrolides + rifampin
Strangles (Rhodococcus equi)
Dinoprost (a PGF2alpha analogue) –
To bring mare back into estrus
Aimless walking, pica, pleocytosis –
Equine viral encephalomyelitis
Corneal scrapping Nerve block –
Auriculopalpebral N. block
Enucleation Nerve block –
Supraorbital N. block
Moniesin toxicity–
Cardiomyopathy, GIT upset