Music 103 - Test 2 Flashcards
0
Q
Protestant Reformation
A
- movement against certain tenets of Catholic Church –> led by Martin Luther
- singing in the vernacular (simple way) –> no latin
1
Q
Renaissance
A
- rebirth, period of interest in the classical arts of Ancient Greece and Rome
- started in early 15th century and dominated style of western music 1450-1600
2
Q
Counter Reformation
A
- catholic response to protestants
- proposed certain reforms (like those related to church music)
3
Q
Golden Age of Polyphony
A
- renaissance age
- polyphony was prevalent and beautiful
4
Q
Renaissance Motet
A
- religious vocal composition
- through-composed
- polyphonic texture
- sung in Latin
- invariably serene and worshipful
5
Q
Word Painting
A
musical illustrations of verbal concepts
6
Q
Through-composed
A
- each phrase of text is set to a new melody
- part of the renaissance motet
7
Q
Imitative polyphony
A
- texture of the motet
- different from a cannon/round
- imitation similar (but not the same) as the preceding voice
8
Q
Josquin Desprez
A
- born in French Netherlands
- spent most of his adult life teaching/composing/performing in Italy
- perfected imitative polyphony technique
9
Q
Giovanni Palestrina
A
- assimilated and perfected Desprez’s techniques
- added personal style/was more conservative
- “prince of music”
- devoted his career to writing religious music –> council of trent
- gave polyphonic mass settings/motets transparency
10
Q
Hymn
A
- congregational song
- non-lithurgical text religious song
11
Q
Chorale
A
- characteristic hymn introduced by Martin Luther
12
Q
Strophic form
A
- two or more stanzas set to the same music
- popular song form
13
Q
Psalm tunes
A
- tuneful settings of 150 psalms in suitable versions for congregational singing
14
Q
Madrigal
A
- secular song introduced in Italy that became popular in England
- polyphonic in texture
- expressive in mood
- written in vernacular
- sung at social gatherings homes/private meetings
- could be performed by anyone
15
Q
Lute
A
- plucked string instrument
- most widely used in 16th century
- played both difficult/simple compositions
- accompanied singing/played vocal music
- similar to guitar
16
Q
Viol
A
- most popular bowed instrument in Renaissance
- six-string precursor to violin
- ridges to show where string should be held/stopped
- soft & delicate tone
17
Q
Clavichord
A
- keyboard capable of subtle changes of volume/slight vibrato
- far more sensitive than harpsichord
- metal piece used to strike sting –> held until key was released
18
Q
Vibrato
A
- rapid variation in pitch
19
Q
Recorder
A
- end blown, “whistle flute”
- developed in middle ages and popular in Renaissance
- several sizes –> large range of pitches
- held perpendicular versus transverse flute
20
Q
Consort
A
- ensemble with several members of the same instrument family (3+)
- arranged like vocal choirs
21
Q
Polychoral Music
A
- music from 2+ choirs, vocal/instrumental
- performed antiphonally (responsive)
22
Q
Concertato Principle
A
- the principle of contrasting sonorities of large & small vocal/instrumental ensembles (quality of resonance)
- strong appeal to Baroque imagination
23
Q
Baroque
A
- odd, irregular, uneven
24
Q
Movement
A
- section of work that has its own design but is part of the whole
- usually separated by a pause
25
Q
Tonal System
A
- system of harmony based on major/minor scales that dominated Western music since 17th century
- replaced modality for the organization of Western music
