Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sophomore Year > Music 103 - Test 2 > Flashcards

Music 103 - Test 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Protestant Reformation

A
  • movement against certain tenets of Catholic Church –> led by Martin Luther
  • singing in the vernacular (simple way) –> no latin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Renaissance

A
  • rebirth, period of interest in the classical arts of Ancient Greece and Rome
  • started in early 15th century and dominated style of western music 1450-1600
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Counter Reformation

A
  • catholic response to protestants

- proposed certain reforms (like those related to church music)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Golden Age of Polyphony

A
  • renaissance age

- polyphony was prevalent and beautiful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Renaissance Motet

A
  • religious vocal composition
    • through-composed
    • polyphonic texture
    • sung in Latin
    • invariably serene and worshipful
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Word Painting

A

musical illustrations of verbal concepts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Through-composed

A
  • each phrase of text is set to a new melody

- part of the renaissance motet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Imitative polyphony

A
  • texture of the motet
  • different from a cannon/round
  • imitation similar (but not the same) as the preceding voice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Josquin Desprez

A
  • born in French Netherlands
  • spent most of his adult life teaching/composing/performing in Italy
  • perfected imitative polyphony technique
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Giovanni Palestrina

A
  • assimilated and perfected Desprez’s techniques
  • added personal style/was more conservative
  • “prince of music”
  • devoted his career to writing religious music –> council of trent
  • gave polyphonic mass settings/motets transparency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hymn

A
  • congregational song

- non-lithurgical text religious song

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chorale

A
  • characteristic hymn introduced by Martin Luther
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Strophic form

A
  • two or more stanzas set to the same music

- popular song form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Psalm tunes

A
  • tuneful settings of 150 psalms in suitable versions for congregational singing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Madrigal

A
  • secular song introduced in Italy that became popular in England
    • polyphonic in texture
    • expressive in mood
    • written in vernacular
  • sung at social gatherings homes/private meetings
  • could be performed by anyone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lute

A
  • plucked string instrument
  • most widely used in 16th century
    • played both difficult/simple compositions
    • accompanied singing/played vocal music
    • similar to guitar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Viol

A
  • most popular bowed instrument in Renaissance
  • six-string precursor to violin
  • ridges to show where string should be held/stopped
  • soft & delicate tone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Clavichord

A
  • keyboard capable of subtle changes of volume/slight vibrato
  • far more sensitive than harpsichord
  • metal piece used to strike sting –> held until key was released
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Vibrato

A
  • rapid variation in pitch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Recorder

A
  • end blown, “whistle flute”
  • developed in middle ages and popular in Renaissance
  • several sizes –> large range of pitches
  • held perpendicular versus transverse flute
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Consort

A
  • ensemble with several members of the same instrument family (3+)
  • arranged like vocal choirs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Polychoral Music

A
  • music from 2+ choirs, vocal/instrumental

- performed antiphonally (responsive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Concertato Principle

A
  • the principle of contrasting sonorities of large & small vocal/instrumental ensembles (quality of resonance)
  • strong appeal to Baroque imagination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Baroque

A
  • odd, irregular, uneven
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Movement

A
  • section of work that has its own design but is part of the whole
    • usually separated by a pause
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Tonal System

A
  • system of harmony based on major/minor scales that dominated Western music since 17th century
  • replaced modality for the organization of Western music
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

First practice

A
  • polyphonic

- conservative style of late Renaissance

27
Q

Second practice

A
  • homophonic

- expressive style introduced by Monteverdi

28
Q

Chromaticism

A
  • use of tones on chromatic scale not included in the scale of the current key
29
Q

Libretto

A
  • text of dramatic vocal work
30
Q

Recitative

A
  • speech-like text
  • homophonic accompaniment (dry)
  • orchestral accompaniment (accompanied)
31
Q

Aria

A
  • song-like piece
  • expressive, emotional
  • generally accompanied by orchestra
  • generally homphonic
32
Q

Da Capo aria

A
  • “from beginning”

- ABA design

33
Q

Bel Canto

A
  • “beautiful song”
  • applied to BaroqueItalian Opera
  • emphasized beauty and virtuosity of voice
34
Q

Castrati

A
  • men who showed great potential as young boys

- castrated to preserve voice range

35
Q

Oratorio

A
  • multi-movement dramatic vocal work on a religious subject performed in concert style
  • fewer recitatives, less flamboyant than aria
36
Q

Cantata

A
  • multi-movement dramatic work on religious/secular subject
    • performed in concert –> shorter than oratorio
    • sung in vernacular, accompanied by organ/sm. orchestra
37
Q

Terraced Dynamics

A
  • abrupt changes of dynamic level
38
Q

Prelude

A
  • short introductory/independent piece for keyboard

- improvisatory –> often paired with fugue

39
Q

Chorale prelude

A
  • prelude based on Lutheran chorale tune
40
Q

Fugue

A
  • imitative polyphonic composition

- 2-6 voices (usually 3 or 4)

41
Q

Toccata

A
  • rhapsodic, virtuosic keyboard piece (show-off)

- improvisatory, flexible despite bing written out

42
Q

Suite

A
  • collection of stylize dance pieces for keyboard

- orchestral piece consisting of selections from dramatic work/dance

43
Q

Bass continuo

A
  • continuous supporting bass line of a Baroque composition

- throughbass

44
Q

Figured Bass

A
  • musical shorthand where composers indicated intervals above bass line with #s rather than notated pitches
45
Q

Chamber Music

A
  • music for one small instrument ensemble with one instrument per music line
46
Q

Sonata

A
  • trio sonata (4 performers) –> most common form
    1. 15th/16th century
    • composition sounded rather than sung
      1. Baroque
    • multi-movement composition for 1-2 solo instruments accompanied by continuo
      1. Post Baroque
    • multi-movement composition for 1-2 solo instruments
47
Q

Orchestra

A
  • mixed ensemble of few wind, string, and occasional percussion
48
Q

Solo concerto

A

multi-movement composition for orchestra and a solo instrument

49
Q

Concerto grosso

A
  • composition of orchestra and a small group of solo instruments
50
Q

Ritornello

A
  • thematic section, often played by orchestra
  • begins concerto movement, divides solo sections
  • returns to original form at the end
51
Q

Sonata (2)

A

da chiesa: sacred

da camera: secular

52
Q

Rococo

A
  • in between period –> elegant, frivolous, ornate style of art
  • second quarter of 18th century
  • about lavish showing off
53
Q

Sensitive/sentimental style

A
  • emotional style
  • inspired by German middle class of second quarter of 18th century
  • pulled to more conservative style –> pleasant over profound
  • about feelings rather than showing off
54
Q

Giovanni Gabrieli

A
  • famous organist,, teacher, composer

- wrote/performed at St. Marks

55
Q

Henry Purcell

A
  • excelled in vocal dramatic work creation

- wrote sacred choral music, keyboard works, instrumental works

56
Q

Martin Luther

A
  • leader of the Protestant Reformation

- introduced new form of congregational singing –> chorale

57
Q

Thomas Weelkes

A

Exemplified English madrigal –> as vesta was from Latmos hill descending

58
Q

Louis Bourgeois

A
  • wrote psalm tunes

- protestant hymnals - still sung/played today

59
Q

John Dowland

A
  • produced songs sung in parts/ accompanied by lute or viol

- adapted dance forms like fast-tempo galliard

60
Q

Johann Bach

A
  • church musician, teacher

Continued in the more conservative baroque and sensitive styles

61
Q

George Handel

A
  • originally from Germany
  • religious, one of the greatest harpsichord players
  • composed more music for theater than church –> Italian operas
  • turned to oratorios after opera
  • stayed in the conservative baroque/sensitive styles
62
Q

Francois Couperin

A
  • French composer in the Rococo style
63
Q

C.P.E. Bach

A
  • son of Bach (5)

- like father, stayed in the conservative german sensitive style

64
Q

Claudio Monteverdi

A
  • 1607 L’Orfeo
  • successfully blended literary, visual, and performance arts
  • built bridge between Renaissance and baroque –> first great opera
65
Q

Antonio Vivaldi

A
  • spent most of his life as professional musician
  • taught at conservatory-orphanage for girls in Venice
  • The Four Seasons - most famous work
66
Q

Stradivari & Guarneri

A

Makers of violins

Sophomore Year (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions