Classics - Test 4 Flashcards
0
Q
Enkidu
A
- creation of Gilgamesh
- first primitive mortal man
1
Q
Gilgamesh
A
- one oldest cycle stories in world
- basis for hero legends across east and west
- mate of Ishtar
2
Q
Humbaba
A
- guardian of the forest
3
Q
Utnapishtim
A
- hebrew Noah
4
Q
Perseus
A
- hero who was born of Danaë and imprisoned with mother by grandfather
- saved by Dictys
- sent by Polydectes to slay medusa
- founded Mycenae
5
Q
Io
A
- mistress of Zeus whom Hera turned into a cow out of rage and is guarded in Mycenae by Argus (100 eyed monster)
6
Q
Danaïds
A
- fifty daughters of Danaus who were betrothed to their fifty cousins
- 49 killed their husbands on their wedding night
- sentenced to impossible deed in the Underworld - Hypermnestra spared
7
Q
Acrisius
A
- king of Argos
- father of Danaë
- grandfather of Perseus
8
Q
Danaë
A
- mother of Perseus with Zeus as the father
- impregnated by golden rain
9
Q
Polydectes
A
- brother of DIctys
- persued Danae
- defeated by Perseus
10
Q
Medusa
A
- gorgon who was killed by Perseus
- bore Pegasus and Chimera out of neck when beheaded by Perseus
11
Q
Graeae
A
- sisters of gorgons who helped Perseus find his way to slay Medusa
12
Q
Andromeda
A
- princess chained to rock because her mother was boastful of her beauty
- saved from sea monster by Perseus
13
Q
catasterism
A
transformation into constellation
14
Q
Alcmena
A
- mother of Heracles with Zeus who took the form of her husband
15
Q
Eurystheus
A
- father of Amphitryon (biological “father” of Heracles)
16
Q
Amphitryon
A
- biological “father” of Heracles and pure father of Iphicles
17
Q
Megara
A
- princess of Thebes
- first wife of Heracles
- killed with her children in Heracles rage caused by Hera
18
Q
Nemean Lion
A
- Lion of Nemea Heracles killed as one of the 12 labors
19
Q
Lernaean Hydra
A
- multiple-headed serpant that regrew heads after previous ones were severed
20
Q
Ceryneian Deer
A
- sacred deer of artemis Heracles injured then returned per order of his half sister/brother
- artemis forgave him since he was ordered to do it and not attempting to intentionally kill the sacred animal
21
Q
Erymanthian Boar
A
- boar Heracles was sent to capture for 12 labors deed
22
Q
Chiron
A
- centaur whom Heracles wounded with poison arrows
23
Q
Augean Stable
A
- stables Heracles had to clean for King Augeas as 12 labor deed
24
Stymphalian Birds
- dangerous and annoying birds Heracles lured out of forest and shot with arrows
25
Cretan Bull
- bull Heracles captured and brought back to peloponnese
| - later wandered to Isthmus where Theseus killed the bull
26
Diomedes Horses
- flesh eating horses Heracles was sent to capture
27
Admetus
- apollo ordered to serve under him for a year
| - treated god well = given a gift of not dying if he could find someone to die in his place
28
Alcestis
- died for husband's eternal life (Admetus)
29
Hippolyta Girdle
- belt of amazonian Heracles was sent to fetch
30
Geryon Cattle
- three-headed monster whose cattle were the tenth task of Heracles
31
Hesperides Apples
- Heracles held up the world for atlas while he took the apples from the golden tree that zeus gave to Hera as a wedding present
- atlas tried to trick him but no such luck
32
metopes
- 12 stone panels that depict the 12 labors of Heracles
| - mounted near Olympian temple of Zeus
33
Iole
- daughter of Eurystheus
- originally offered to be prize of archery contest but when Heracles won, the king refused
- Heracles killed Iole's brother Iphitus as a result
34
Omphale
- lover of Heracles for 3 yrs
| - liked to watch him prance in negligee and spin thread
35
Cercopes
- two ruffians who robbed a passerby
- treated cruelly when caught by Heracles
- "Black Butt"
36
Deianira
- last wife of Heracles
| - poisoned husband with robe and later killed herself
37
Achelous
- river god Heracles wrestled to defend Deianira
38
Nessus
- centaur who ferried travelers across a river
- took liking to Deianira and tried to rape her
- defended by Heracles
- tricked Deianira into taking his blood --> downfall of heracles
39
epic
long narrative poem primarily about heroes mostly written in dactylic hexameter
40
hero cult
ritual(s) used to celebrate the supernatural/exemplary powers of heroes after they have died
