Classics 106 Final

Question 1

Achilles

Answer 1

• son of Peleus and Thetis
• raised by Centaur Chiron
• kills Hector in revenge for his friend
• killed by Paris/Apollo via arrow to the ankle
• son Neoptolemus given his armor

Question 2

Thetis & Peleus

Answer 2

• forced to marry because Thetis is destined to produce a son greater than his father
• goes through transformations before finally agrees to consummate

Question 3

Eris/Strife & Apple of Discord

Answer 3

• beauty contest between Athena, Aphrodite, and Hera
• judged by Trojan Prince Paris
• Aphrodite chosen > Hera pissed
• Paris is given the most beautiful woman in the world as a prize > Helen

Question 4

Helen

Answer 4

• Tyndareus (Zeus is her birth father) + Leda (of Sparta)
• Leda and the swan = Helen
• abducted by Paris
• Rescued from Troy by Menelaus

Question 5

Pollux and Castor

Answer 5

• Castor killed and Pollux surrendered half of his immortality to let his brother live

Question 6

Paris

Answer 6

• son of Priam

- exposed on Mt. Ida where Hermes brings the three goddesses to him

Question 7

Patroclus

Answer 7

• companion of achilles
• wants to join battle so he dresses in armor of achilles and starts to fight
• killed by Hector and stripped of armor

Question 8

Hector

Answer 8

• son of Priam and Hecuba
• wife Andromache
• son Scamandrius
• killed and abused by Achilles
• corpse anointed with ambrosia so it wouldn’t rot
• Priam goes to achilles who surrenders the body

Question 9

palladium

Answer 9

• trojan idol of athena
• city thought to be safe as long as she was present
• stolen by odysseus and diomedes

Question 10

Neoptolemus

Answer 10

• sacrificed Polyxena to please his father since he loved her
• killed Priam at altar of Zeus
• will later die at Delphi for killing at sacred altar

Question 11

Atreus

Answer 11

• brother of Thyestes
• son Agammemnon + Clytemnestra
• son Menelaus

Question 12

Thyestes

Answer 12

• brother of Atreus
• son Aegisthus
• seduces wife’s brother and given a golden fleece

Question 13

Aegisthus

Answer 13

• seduces cousin-in-law

- murdered with Clytemnestra by Oresteia

Question 14

Odysseus

Answer 14

• son telemachus
• wife penelope
• 10 years at Troy/10 year journey home
• goes to land of the dead and sees Elpenor who died without anyone knowing > given proper burial rites
• warned by tiresias about the dangers of returning home
• must perform sacrifice after killing suitors

Question 15

Cyclops

Answer 15

• “round eye”
• Polyphemus > son of Poseidon
• Odysseus tells him his name is nobody and the cyclops says he’ll eat him last
• pokes out cyclops eye
• odysseus almost escapes but boasts and Polyphemus asks poseidon to curse him

Question 16

Circe

Answer 16

• as they are almost to Ithaca, odysseus falls asleep and his companions open the bag of winds whhich blow them back
• land on Aeaea > Circe’s island
• daughter of Hellus
• turns odysseus’ men into pigs
• odysseus shares her bed for a year
• finally asks to leave
• told to go see Tiresias / warned about Sirens\Scylla\Charybdis

Question 17

Sirens

Answer 17

• song tempts sailors to their death

- wax in all ear except odysseus’

Question 18

Scylla

Answer 18

• dog-like monster with six head with sark like rows of teeth
• advised to risk scylla and avoid charybdis

Question 19

Charybdis

Answer 19

• giant whirlpool

Question 20

Penelope

Answer 20

• suitors invade her house
• makes the promise that as soon as she finishes her weaving, she will pick
• deceives by taking out work at night
• odysseus comes home disguised with Athena’s help
• odysseus kills suitors and is reunited with his wife

Question 21

Aeneas

Answer 21

• escapes troy with father and son > loses wife in the chaos
• founds Latvium (second bride Lavinia)
• Ascanius (son) founds Alba Longa
• delayed in carthage by dido for several years before traveling to italy and fighting Turnus for Lavinia’s hand

Question 22

Romulus & Remus

Answer 22

• Rhea Silvia + Mars
• abandoned when great-uncle found his niece was no longer a virgin (he made her a vestal virgin when he removed her father)
• left at the tiber and found by a she-wolf
• Faustulus & Larentia witness the boys and the she-wolf and take them in to raise them

Question 23

Rome

Answer 23

• asylum for all > many criminals and outcasts were the first romans
• fratricide of remus > captured and brought to Numitor (grandfather) who recognized him and they teamed up to kill Amulius
• rape of Sabines > needed woman to make rome

Question 24

Agamemnon

Answer 24

• father of Menelaus (Helen’s husband)
• husband of Clytemnestra/killed by her
• had to sacrifice daughter Iphigenia to Artemis before winds would return for him to go to the trojan war

Question 25

Ajax

Answer 25

• father Telamon
• suitor of Helen
• one of the best warriors of the trojan war

Question 26

Orestes

Answer 26

• killed his mother and uncle with help of sister Electra for killing his father and his father’s mistress
• supposedly married his cousin and ruled peacefully

Question 27

Lotus Eaters

Answer 27

• have flower/drug that makes you “high”

Question 28

Laestrygonians

Answer 28

• cannibalistic royals that try to devour the whole crew

Question 29

apotheosis

Answer 29

• deification of human > becoming a god

Question 30

Tarquin the Proud

Answer 30

• 7th and last king of rome

- married to Tullia I after he killed his wife [Tullia II] and his brother and the king [Servius Tullius]

Question 31

Lucretia

Answer 31

• wife of Tarquin Collatinus
• blackmailed by Sextus Tarquin into sleeping with him
• killed herself from shame

Question 32

Brutus

Answer 32

• alleged ancestor of Marcus Brutus (Caesar)

- one of the first consuls of rome

Question 33

Scaevola

Answer 33

• one of the bravest romans
• snuck back to etruscan camp to kill king Porsenna
• killed the secretary instead
• brought before king –> held his hand in the fire until it fell off