Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Musculoskeletal system consists of
Consist of voluntary muscles
And five types of connectives tissue
Voluntary muscles and Five types of connective tissue
Bones, ligaments, joints, cartilage
Tendons
Fascia
Musculoskeletal system usage
Upper and lower
Upper- allows humans to complete complex tasks
Lower- facilitates mobility
Functions of musculoskeletal
Support Protection Movement Haematopoiesis Mineral storage and homeostasis
Soft tissue injuries
Contusions, sprains and strains
Joint dislocation and subluxation
Meniscus injuries
Rice
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
In an injury occurs
Rice
Stop what they are doing
Health promotion - encourage to warm up muscle before vigorous exercise and to do stretching after to prevent these types of injuries
Fracture
Is a disruption ot break in the continuity of bone
Cause of fracture
Trauma
Secondary to disease process; cancer or osteoporosis
Fractures are classified according to
Type
Communication or non-communication with the outside environment
Location of the fracture
Stable/unstable
Type
Transverse spiral, green stick, comminuted , oblique, pathological, stress
Simple fracture
A fracture remains contained with no disruption or the skin
Open fracture
A fracture in which damage also involves the skin it mucous membranes ( aka compund fracture)
Greenstick fractuee
In which one side of the home is broke and the other side is bent
Transverse fracture
That is straight across the bone shaft
Spiral
A fracture that twists around the shaft of the bone
Impacted
A fracture which a bone fracture is driven into another born fragment
Oblique
A fracture occurring at he angle across the bone
Comminuted
A fracture which bine has splintered into several fragments
Depressed
A fracture which fragments are drive inward( ussually in skull or facial bones)
Avulsion
A fracture which a fragment of the bone has been pulled away by a tendon and its attachment
Compression
A fracture in which bone has been compressed (vertebral fractures ussually)
Various symptoms of fracture
Oedema and swelling Pain and tenderness Muscle spasm Deformity Ecchymosis, contusion Loss of function CrepitAtion
Diagnosis
X ray
Symptoms
Fractures emergency management
Immobilise the body before moving the patient
Splinting: joint distal and proximal to the suspected fracture must be supported
Assess neurovascular before and after splinting
Open fracture: cover eith cleab( sterile) dressing to prevent contamination
Docnot attempt to reduce fracture
Transfer to emergency department
