Breast Disorder Flashcards
Benign breast disorders
Mastalgia Breast infection Fibrocystic changes Fibroadenomas Nipple conditions
Mastalgia
Breast tenderness of heaviness
Usually by menstrual cycle, sometimes other issues
Breast infection
Mastitis
Lactational breast abscess
Nipple conditions
Nipple discharge
Nipple fissure
Fibroadenomoas
Proliferative breast disease
Disease of male breast
Gyneacomastia
Breast cancer
Gyneacomastia
Enlargement of one or 2 breast
Reversible
Male breast cancer
Less than one percent of breast cancer
Breast cancer pathophysiology
Growth of malignant cells in the breast tissue, formed in milk ducts or loves of the breast
Can spread within the breast and armpit
Types kf breast cancer
Non-invasive breast cancer
Invasive breast cancer
Paget’s disease of the nipple
Inflammatory-breast cancer
Noninvasive breast cancers
Ductal carcinoma insitu
Lobular carcinoma insitu
Invasive breast cancer
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Infiltrating lobular carcinoma
Signs and symptoms of breast cancer
Lump or thickening in the breast Mammography abnormality Lump not tender Nipple discharge Nipple retraction Fungating and ulcerating lesions
Breast cancer main risk factors
Being a woman
Over 50
Family history
Inheriting faulty gene
Other factors of breast cancer
Overweight Alcohol Smoking Having dense breast Exposure to radiation Hormone factors Hormonal replacement therapy
Protective factors of breast cancer
Regular vigorously activity -1 Child bearing -3 Breast feeding-1 Reduce alcohol Quite smoking
Guidelines for early detection of breast cancer
Breast awareness
50-74 free mammogram every 2 years
Individualised surveillance program recommended by GP
Breast awareness
Be aware how your own breast look like Report to Gp unusual changes - a new lump - change in the size or shape Change in nipple Change in the skin of the breast Unusual pain that doesnt go away
How breast cancer is diagnosed
Triple test
Clinical breast examination and taking s personal history
Imaging test
Biopsy to remove cells or tissue for microscopic examination
Diagnostic tests bc
Mammography Galactography Ultrasonography Magnetic resonance imaging Biopsies
Breast cancer surgical management and treatment
Breast conserving surgery
Masectomy
Breast conversing surgery
Lumpectomy
Local excision
Wide local excision
Partial mastectomy
Mastectomy
Modified radical mastectomy
Total mestectomy
Sentinel node biopsy
Identification and removal if the first lymph node to which the breast cancer may have spread for testing by a pathologist
Technique which determines if a cancer has metastasized or contained locally
Dye injection to pinpoint lymph node to closest cancer site
Lymphoedema interventions
Teaching about selfcare including dressings or drainage device, signs of complication use of elastic sleeve
Important teaching to prevent or decrease lymphoedema on affected site
No bp on sire , injections
Arm should not remain in dependent lengthy periods of time
Prevent infection, burns and compeomised circulation
