Git 2 Flashcards
Nutrition
Is the process by which the body uses food for energy, growth, and maintenance and repair of tissue
Essential nutrition components
Carbohydrates Fats Protein Vitamins Minerals
Nutritional problems
Over nutrition -
Refers to the injestioncof more food thanxrequired
For body needs
Under nutrition
- poor nourishment as a result of inadequate diet or disease disease that interfere with normal appetite
Enteral nutrition
Is delivery if nutritional support into GI tract and can include oral nutrition support and enteral tube feeding
Enteral nutrition
Delivery of nutrients via feeding tube or device into the gastrointestinal tract
Maybe the only source of nutrition or supplement oral intake
Administration of nutritionally balance
Liquified food and formula Through inserted tube Csn be in stomach Doudenum Jejunum
Types of enteral feeding tube and placement locations
Nastrogastric tube or nasointestinal tube ( short term) Gastronomy tube (stomach long term)
Jejunostomy(pej)
Jejunum
Nasoduodenal
Tube feeding
Patient unable to take any or enough oral nourishment but has a functioning git
Impaired swallowing
Nutritional deficiency
Inability to eat due to surgery injury
Contraindications
Peritonitis
Intestinal obstruction
Gastric outlet
Gastric resection
Gastronomy feeding tubes
Percutaneous enteral gastronomy
Long term
Methods of insertion : surgical/laparoscopic/radiological/endoscopical
Insertion site and device care first 48 hours
Comensing feed
Adult -2-4 hours
Children 4-6 hours
Enteral feeding tube delivery
Continuous
Pump infusion
Potential problems tube feeding
Feed intolerance Tube malfunction Tube misplacement Metabolic process Fluid and electrolyte imbalance Hyperglycaemia
Gastrointestinal problem
Diarrhoea
Constipation
Dehydration
Vaginal bleeding
Nursing diagnosis enteral tube feeds
Imbalanced nutrition Risk of diarrhoea Disturbed body image Risk for ineffective airway clearance Deficient knowledge
Enteral feed nursing management
Patient wellbeing Assessing bowel elimination Assessing bowel elimination Aspiration risks Care of tubing Care formula Insertion site care Assessing complications
Parenteral nutrition
Administration of nutrients (iv)
Providing a nutritionally adequate hypertonic solution consisting of glucose，protein, minerals, and vitamins
Can sustain life when patients are unable to take sufficient Nourishment via the gi for a long period
Clinical indications
Used in clients who are unable to digest or absorb enteral nutrition
(Non- functional GIT, inability to ingest food, major infection, burns, unwillingness to digest food)
Components of tpn
Kilojoules Protein Electrolyte Vitamins Water Trace minerals
Presentation of tpn
1-3 L bag
Maybe dual chamber( lipid sep)
Myst be protected with light with cover
Nothing to be added in bag
Management of tpn
Ordered and managed by the doctor in a daily basis
Require clinical and lab management
The delievrry requires access to the main vein
Maybe inserted peripherally via inserted catheter
May be long term at home
Nursing management of tpn
Verification of catheter position Check hospital policy Administered via infusion pump Rate gradually increase 24- 48 hours Metabolic and electrolyte abnormalities Ensure as supply of tpn in the ward If ton stopped for more than 30 mins contact doctor ( risk of hypo) Unprescribed speeding and slowing of infusion rate is contraindicated
Assesing for complication
Infection
Metabolic
Mechanical
Discontinuation of tpn
Weaning
Ensure oral intake
Site dressing
Continued biopsy
