Male 2 Flashcards
Disorders of the prostate gland
Prostatitis
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Prostate cancer
Benign prostatic hyperoplasia
Enlarged prostate gland
Non-cancerous
Effects half of men over 50 and 80% over 80
Benign prostatitis hyperplasia signs
Urinary obstruction
Urinary retention
Urinary tract infection
Bph diagnosis
Acute pain- related to bladder distension secondary to enlarge prostate
Risk of infection- related to indwelling catheter , environment pathogens
Bph treatment
Goals
Restore bladder drainage
Relieve symptoms
Prevent complications
Bhp drug therapy
5a reductase inhibitors
Alpha blockers
Herbal therapy
Bph other therapies
Minimally invasive therapy
Invasive therapy
Minimally invasive therapy
Laser treatment
Holium laser enucleation
Green light laser
Kill off vaporises or dissolves the enlarged part of the prostate gland
Invasive therapy
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Transurethral incision of the prostate
Open or retro public prostatectomy
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Use of incision and catherization via scopic approach
Transurethral incision of the prostate
Relieves obstruction
Outpatient procedure
Open prostatectomy
Prostate gland tissue removed via sound in the abdomen
Prostate gland cancer
Androgen -dependant Risk favtors in rease age Family history Hugh animal fat diet Common in developed countries
Prostate gland cancer
Asymptomatic
Symptoms similar to bph
Facts about prostate cancer
Prostate is commonly diagnosed in men and 2nd most common cause pf cancer
More than 3,300 men die in prostate cancer
More men die of prostate cancer than women die in breast cancer
Prostate cancer diagnostic test
Diagnostic tests
- digital rectal examination and fine needle aspiration
- blood test for elevated prostate
Specific antige- high psa does not always indicate malignancy
Psa can be used to monitor success of treatment
Prostate cancer
Radical prostatectomy Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection Radiation therapy Hormonal therapy Chemotherapy
Radical prostatectomy
Surgical removal of entire prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and part of the bladder neck
- open laparoscopic or robotic-assisted
Drug therapy
Forma of drug therapy - androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, or q combination of both
Type of drugs for drug therapy
Androgen synthesis inhibitor
Androgen receptor blockers
Chemotherapy
Orchidectomy
Nursing assessment
Assess the underlying disorder (bph or prostate cancer) has affected the client’s life
Urinary and sexual function
Nutritional status
Anxiety and abilities
Diagnosis
Impaired urinary elimination Acute pain preop Acute pain post op Deficient knowledge Sexual dysfunction Decision conflict Anxiety
Planning
Major goals preop Maintain fluid balance Pain Ability to perform Absence of complications Reduce anxiety
Prostate surgery potential problems
Haemorrhage Infection Dvt Catheter obstruction Sexual function
Triple-lumen catheter
Prevent bladder obstruction and painful spasm from clots or mucous after invasive prostate surgery
Allows for drainage of urine
Continuous irrigation
Implementation
Relief of pain
Reduction of anxiety
