Eye 2 Flashcards
Treatment of glaucoma
Primary goal
Keep iop low enough to prevent further optic nerve damage
Maintain iop within normal range unlikely to cause damage and prevent blindness
Glaucoma surgical options
Laser trabeculoplasty Laser iridotomy Filtering procedure Trabeculectomy Drainage implants
Pharmacological therapy glaucoma
Used to help control iop
Agents that decrease formation of aqueous humour
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Osmotic diuretic
Beta-adrenergic blockers
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Cause allergic reaction
Osmotic diuretic
Electrolyte imbalance,headache, nause and vomiting
Beta-adrenerhic blockers
Dont change pupil size
Bradycardia ad hypotension
Angents that increase outflow of aqueous humou
Direct acting miotics- Reduces visual acuity
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Agents thats decrease the formation and increase outflow of aqueous humour
Lantanoprost( xalatan) canchangevcolor of iris
Nursing care- glaucoma
Problems
Risk of injury related to visual defect
Self care
Acute pain ( surgical correction )
Non-compliance (meds)
Cataract
Cloudiness of the lens
Increased with aging
Leading cause of blindness
Cataract causes
Trauma, maternal rubella , radiation, uv light exposures, ageing, smoking, diabetes, certain drugs
Cataract symptoms
Blurry vision painless Sensitive ti glare Decline of vision Colour shift , astigmatism Decreased visual acuity
Medical management of cataract
Nonsurgical
Surgical
Non surgical measures cataract
Change of prescription glasses
Magnifiers
Adjust to lifestyle
Surgical measures results
Intracapsular cataract extraction (Icce)
Extracapsular catarct extraction
Phacoemulsification
Lens replacement
Cataract surgical management
Problems
Self care deficit
Anxiety
Nursing management cataract
Pre and post operative care Neds Patient teaching Protective eye patch Wear glasses when outdoors Call doctor if vision changes
Retinal detachments
Separation of the retina and underlying epithelium
Clinical manifestation: sensation of a shade or curtain coming across the cision of one eye
Requires immediate treatment : if nit cause blindness
Retinal detachment - treatment
Layer of inflammation and adhesion created to weld the layers together
Surgical procedure
Air or liquid injected into the vitreous to maintain contact to choroid
Layer of inflammation and adhesion created to weld the layers together
Laser photocoagulation
Cryotherapy
Surgical procedure
Scleral buckling
Air or liquid injected to vitreous maintain concract with choroid
Pneumatic retinopexy
Vitrectomy
Retinal detachment- nursing management
Patient teaching- eye surgery is most common
Administration of meds
Provide emotional support
Avoid flying or undergoing aaesthesia using gases
