Muscles of the Thigh

Question 1

A four-headed muscle with a common distal attachment at the tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament. It is the prime mover for extension of the knee.

Answer 1

Quadriceps

Question 2

What are the 4 muscles that make up quadriceps?

Answer 2

1) Rectus Femoris
2) Vastus Lateralis
3) Vastus Medialis (& VMO)
4) Vastus Intermedius

Question 3

A straight two-headed muscle that is bipennate and it is the only quadriceps muscle to cross the hip joint.

Answer 3

Rectus Femoris

Question 4

Proximal Attachment: AIIS and superior acetabular rim

Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Answer 4

Rectus Femoris

Question 5

What are the 2 actions of rectus femoris?

Answer 5

1) Knee extension

2) Hip flexion

Question 6

Proximal Attachment: lateral lip of linea aspera

Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Answer 6

Vastus Lateralis

Question 7

What is the action of vastus lateralis?

Answer 7

Knee extension

Question 8

Proximal Attachment: medial lip of linea aspera

Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Answer 8

Vastus Medialis

Question 9

What is the action of vastus medialis?

Answer 9

Knee extension

Question 10

Proximal Attachment: medial distal femur, vastus medialis, and adductor magnus
Distal Attachment: medial patella

Answer 10

Vastus Medialis Obliquus

Question 11

What are the 2 actions of vastus medialis obliquus?

Answer 11

1) Knee Extension
2) Pull Patella Medially to Prevent Excessive Lateral Tracking

Question 12

Proximal Attachment: proximal 2/3 of femur
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Answer 12

Vastus Intermedius

Question 13

What is the action of vastus intermedius?

Answer 13

Knee Extension

Question 14

Proximal Attachment: anterior distal femur
Distal Attachment: proximal articular capsule of knee joint

Answer 14

Articularis Genu

Question 15

What is the action of articularis genu?

Answer 15

Pull Capsule Proximally During Knee Extension

Question 16

What is the longest muscle in the body?

Answer 16

Sartorius

Question 17

Proximal Attachment: ASIS
Distal Attachment: proximal anteromedial tibia

Answer 17

Sartorius

Question 18

What are the 5 actions of sartorius?

Answer 18

1) Hip Flexion
2) Hip Abduction
3) Hip Lateral Rotation
4) Knee Flexion
5) Knee Medial Rotation

Question 19

Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone (pectineal line)
Distal Attachment: just inferior to lesser trochanter

Answer 19

Pectineus

Question 20

What are the 2 actions of pectineus?

Answer 20

1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Flexion (weak)

Question 21

Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone
Distal Attachment: proximal linea aspera

Answer 21

Adductor Brevis

Question 22

What are the 2 actions of adductor brevis?

Answer 22

1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Flexion (Weak)

Question 23

Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone
Distal Attachment: middle 1/3 of linea aspera

Answer 23

Adductor Longus

Question 24

What are the 2 actions of adductor longus?

Answer 24

1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Flexion (Weak)

Question 25

Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone Distal Attachment: proximal anteromedial tibia

Answer 25

Gracilis

Question 26

What are the 3 actions of gracilis?

Answer 26

1) Hip Adduction 2) Knee Flexion 3) Knee Medial Rotation

Question 27

Which muscle is the only hip adductor that crosses the knee and the most medial of the adductor group?

Answer 27

Gracilis

Question 28

Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone Distal Attachment: linea aspera

Answer 28

Adductor Magnus (Anterior Fibres)

Question 29

What are the 2 actions of the anterior fibres of adductor magnus?

Answer 29

1) Hip Adduction 2) Hip Flexion

Question 30

Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity Distal Attachment: adductor tubercle

Answer 30

Adductor Magnus (Posterior Fibres)

Question 31

What are the 2 actions of the posterior fibres of adductor magnus?

Answer 31

1) Hip Adduction 2) Hip Extension

Question 32

An opening in the inferior attachment of adductor magnus, which allows for blood vessels to pass through.

Answer 32

Adductor Hiatus

Question 33

Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity Distal Attachment: fibular head

Answer 33

Biceps Femoris (Long Head)

Question 34

What are the 4 actions of the long head of biceps femoris?

Answer 34

1) Hip Extension 2) Hip Lateral Rotation 3) Knee Flexion 4) Knee Lateral Rotation

Question 35

Proximal Attachment: linea aspera (mid-shaft) Distal Attachment: fibular head

Answer 35

Biceps Femoris (Short Head)

Question 36

What are the 2 actions of the short head of biceps femoris?

Answer 36

1) Knee Flexion 2) Knee Lateral Rotation

Question 37

Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity Distal Attachment: proximal anteromedial tibia

Answer 37

Semitendinosus

Question 38

What are the 4 actions of semitendinosus?

Answer 38

1) Hip Extension 2) Hip Medial Rotation 3) Knee Flexion 4) Knee Medial Rotation

Question 39

Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity Distal Attachment: posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

Answer 39

Semimembranosus

Question 40

What are the 4 actions of semimebranosus?

Answer 40

1) Hip Extension 2) Hip Medial Rotation 3) Knee Flexion 4) Knee Medial Rotation

Question 41

A depression in the superomedial thigh (inferior to the inguinal ligament) that is observable during hip flexion.

Answer 41

Femoral Triangle

Question 42

The superior boundary of the femoral triangle is the ________ ________.

Answer 42

Inguinal Ligament

Question 43

The medial boundary of the femoral triangle is ________ ______.

Answer 43

Adductor Longus

Question 44

The lateral boundary of the femoral triangle is _________.

Answer 44

Sartorius

Question 45

The floor of the femoral triangle from medial to lateral is _________ and _________.

Answer 45

Pectineus Iliopsoas

Question 46

The roof of the femoral triangle is ______ ____.

Answer 46

Fascia Lata

Question 47

The contents of the femoral triangle are the femoral ______, femoral ____ and femoral _____.

Answer 47

Femoral Artery Femoral Vein Femoral Nerve