Muscles of the Thigh Flashcards
A four-headed muscle with a common distal attachment at the tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament. It is the prime mover for extension of the knee.
Quadriceps
What are the 4 muscles that make up quadriceps?
1) Rectus Femoris
2) Vastus Lateralis
3) Vastus Medialis (& VMO)
4) Vastus Intermedius
A straight two-headed muscle that is bipennate and it is the only quadriceps muscle to cross the hip joint.
Rectus Femoris
Proximal Attachment: AIIS and superior acetabular rim
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Rectus Femoris
What are the 2 actions of rectus femoris?
1) Knee extension
2) Hip flexion
Proximal Attachment: lateral lip of linea aspera
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Vastus Lateralis
What is the action of vastus lateralis?
Knee extension
Proximal Attachment: medial lip of linea aspera
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Vastus Medialis
What is the action of vastus medialis?
Knee extension
Proximal Attachment: medial distal femur, vastus medialis, and adductor magnus
Distal Attachment: medial patella
Vastus Medialis Obliquus
What are the 2 actions of vastus medialis obliquus?
1) Knee Extension
2) Pull Patella Medially to Prevent Excessive Lateral Tracking
Proximal Attachment: proximal 2/3 of femur
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Vastus Intermedius
What is the action of vastus intermedius?
Knee Extension
Proximal Attachment: anterior distal femur
Distal Attachment: proximal articular capsule of knee joint
Articularis Genu
What is the action of articularis genu?
Pull Capsule Proximally During Knee Extension
What is the longest muscle in the body?
Sartorius
Proximal Attachment: ASIS
Distal Attachment: proximal anteromedial tibia
Sartorius
What are the 5 actions of sartorius?
1) Hip Flexion
2) Hip Abduction
3) Hip Lateral Rotation
4) Knee Flexion
5) Knee Medial Rotation
Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone (pectineal line)
Distal Attachment: just inferior to lesser trochanter
Pectineus
What are the 2 actions of pectineus?
1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Flexion (weak)
Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone
Distal Attachment: proximal linea aspera
Adductor Brevis
What are the 2 actions of adductor brevis?
1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Flexion (Weak)
Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone
Distal Attachment: middle 1/3 of linea aspera
Adductor Longus
What are the 2 actions of adductor longus?
1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Flexion (Weak)
Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone
Distal Attachment: proximal anteromedial tibia
Gracilis
What are the 3 actions of gracilis?
1) Hip Adduction
2) Knee Flexion
3) Knee Medial Rotation
Which muscle is the only hip adductor that crosses the knee and the most medial of the adductor group?
Gracilis
Proximal Attachment: anterior pubic bone
Distal Attachment: linea aspera
Adductor Magnus (Anterior Fibres)
What are the 2 actions of the anterior fibres of adductor magnus?
1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Flexion
Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity
Distal Attachment: adductor tubercle
Adductor Magnus (Posterior Fibres)
What are the 2 actions of the posterior fibres of adductor magnus?
1) Hip Adduction
2) Hip Extension
An opening in the inferior attachment of adductor magnus, which allows for blood vessels to pass through.
Adductor Hiatus
Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity
Distal Attachment: fibular head
Biceps Femoris (Long Head)
What are the 4 actions of the long head of biceps femoris?
1) Hip Extension
2) Hip Lateral Rotation
3) Knee Flexion
4) Knee Lateral Rotation
Proximal Attachment: linea aspera (mid-shaft)
Distal Attachment: fibular head
Biceps Femoris (Short Head)
What are the 2 actions of the short head of biceps femoris?
1) Knee Flexion
2) Knee Lateral Rotation
Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity
Distal Attachment: proximal anteromedial tibia
Semitendinosus
What are the 4 actions of semitendinosus?
1) Hip Extension
2) Hip Medial Rotation
3) Knee Flexion
4) Knee Medial Rotation
Proximal Attachment: ischial tuberosity
Distal Attachment: posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia
Semimembranosus
What are the 4 actions of semimebranosus?
1) Hip Extension
2) Hip Medial Rotation
3) Knee Flexion
4) Knee Medial Rotation
A depression in the superomedial thigh (inferior to the inguinal ligament) that is observable during hip flexion.
Femoral Triangle
The superior boundary of the femoral triangle is the ________ ________.
Inguinal Ligament
The medial boundary of the femoral triangle is ________ ______.
Adductor Longus
The lateral boundary of the femoral triangle is _________.
Sartorius
The floor of the femoral triangle from medial to lateral is _________ and _________.
Pectineus
Iliopsoas
The roof of the femoral triangle is ______ ____.
Fascia Lata
The contents of the femoral triangle are the femoral ______, femoral ____ and femoral _____.
Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Femoral Nerve
