Introduction to Myology

Question 1

Connect muscles to bones and most are cylinder-shaped.

Answer 1

Tendons

Question 2

The connection between a muscle and a tendon.

Answer 2

Musculotendinous Junction (MTJ)

Question 3

The connection between a tendon and a bone.

Answer 3

Tendoperiosteal Junction (TPJ)

Question 4

The central portion of a muscle or the “meat of it.”

Answer 4

Belly

Question 5

One of at least 2 extensions of a particular muscle belly that attaches via its own tendon.

Answer 5

Head

Question 6

A sheet-like tendon in flat muscles having a wide area of attachment.

Answer 6

Aponeurosis

Question 7

A type of contraction that pulls the two attachments closer together. Tension is greater than resistance, resulting in a muscle shortening.

Answer 7

Concentric Contraction

Question 8

The flexion portion of a bicep curl is an example of a ________ contraction.

Answer 8

Concentric

Question 9

A type of contraction in which the attachments are not drawn together or pulled apart. When a muscle contracts against a resistance, there is no visible change in muscle length.

Answer 9

Isometric Contraction

Question 10

Holding a wall squat is an example of a ________ contraction.

Answer 10

Isometric

Question 11

A type of contraction in which the two attachments are moving away from each other. When a muscle is unable to overcome the force it undergoes a lengthening. Used to control movements or act as a “brake.”

Answer 11

Eccentric Contraction

Question 12

The extension portion of a bicep curl (putting the weight down) is an example of a ________ contraction.

Answer 12

Eccentric

Question 13

The muscle attachment that is fixed.

Answer 13

Origin

Question 14

The muscle attachment that is moving.

Answer 14

Insertion

Question 15

The muscle causing the desired movement. There can be more than one of these muscles.

Answer 15

Prime Mover (aka. Agonist)

Question 16

Quadriceps is the ________ for knee extension.

Answer 16

Prime Mover (aka. Agonist)

Question 17

The muscle that opposes a specific action and must relax to allow for other movement.

Answer 17

Antagonist

Question 18

Hamstrings is the ________ to the quadriceps during knee extension.

Answer 18

Antagonist

Question 19

The muscles that stabilize the more proximal joints during actions of more distal joints.

Answer 19

Stabilizers (aka. Fixators)

Question 20

The low back muscles are ________ to the trunk so that the hip flexors can lift the leg.

Answer 20

Stabilizers (aka. Fixators)

Question 21

The muscle(s) that works to assist the prime mover in a given action.

Answer 21

Synergists (aka. Neutralizers)