Arthrology & Ligaments of the Hand Flashcards
A natural anterior concavity formed by the carpal bones combined with the flexor retinaculum that creates a tunnel through which structures pass.
Carpal Tunnel
Attaches laterally to the tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium, as well as medially to the hook of hamate and pisiform.
Flexor Retinaculum
There are __ metacarpal bones in the hand and each has a ________ base, shaft and ______ head.
5
Proximal
Distal
There are ___ phalangeal bones in the hand and each has a ________ base, shaft and ______ head (expect for the _____ ).
14
Proximal
Distal
Thumb
The distal radius and the articular disc of the the distal radioulnar joint articulate with the proximal row of carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum).
Radiocarpal Joint
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?
Synovial Condyloid Joint
What 5 movements can occur at the radiocarpal joint?
1) Flexion
2) Extension
3) Abduction (aka. Radial Deviation)
4) Adduction (aka. Ulnar Deviation)
5) Circumduction
Ligaments that run from the distal radius to the carpal bones on the palmar and dorsal surfaces of the wrist. They help to stabilize the distal radius by working with deeper muscles and the interosseous membrane.
Palmar & Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligaments
The ulna articulates with the articular disc, which articulates with the triquetrum. Primarily involved with pronation and supination, during which the disc moves around the distal end of the ulna.
Ulnomeniscotriquetral Joint
What type of joint is the ulnomeniscotriquetral joint?
Functional Synovial Joint
The proximal row of carpals articulates with the distal row of carpals. Gliding movements help to increase the range of wrist _______ and _________.
Midcarpal Joint
Flexion
Extension
What type of joint is the midcarpal joint?
Synovial Plane Joint
Ligaments that run between the carpal bones on the palmar and dorsal surfaces of the hand.
Palmar & Dorsal Intercarpal Ligaments
The articulations between the carpal bones.
Intercarpal Joints
What type of joint are the intercarpal joints?
Synovial Plane Joints
Small ligamentous support running between the carpal bones.
Interosseous Intercarpal Ligaments
The distal row of carpals articulate with the proximal row of metacarpals.
Carpometacarpal (CMC) Joints
The trapezium articulates with the base of the first metacarpal.
1st Carpometacarpal Joint
What type of joint is the 1st CMC joint?
Synovial Saddle Joint
What are the 6 available movements at the 1st CMC joint?
1) Flexion
2) Extension
3) Abduction
4) Adduction
5) Circumduction
6) Opposition
Movement that takes the thumb medially along the coronal plane towards the other fingers.
Flexion
Movement that takes the thumb laterally along the coronal plane away from the other fingers.
Extension
Movement that takes the thumb along the sagittal plane away from the palm.
Abduction
Movement that takes the thumb along the sagittal plane towards the palm.
Adduction
Movement by which the first digit pad (thumb) is brought to another digit pad.
Opposition
The distal row of carpal bones articulate with the bases of the 2nd-5th metacarpals.
2nd-5th Carpometacarpal Joints
What type of joint are the 2nd-5th carpometacarpal joints?
Synovial Plane Joints
What 3 types of ligaments exist for the carpometacarpal joints?
1) Dorsal Carpometacarpal Ligaments
2) Palmar Carpometacarpal Ligaments
3) Interossesous Carpometacarpal Ligaments
The articulations between the bases of the medial 4 metacarpals.
Intermetacarpal Joints
What type of joint are the intermetacarpal joints?
Synovial Plane Joints
There are ____________ intermetacarpal ligaments.
Interosseous
A ligament between the heads of the 4 medial metacarpals that holds them together and runs across the knuckles.
Deep Transverse Metacarpal Ligament
The heads of the metacarpals articulate with the bases of the proximal phalanges.
Metacarpophalangeal Joints
What type of joint are the metacarpophalangeal joints?
Synovial Condyloid Joint
What 4 movements are available at the metacarpophalangeal joints?
1) Flexion
2) Extension
3) Abduction
4) Adduction
The reference point for abduction and adduction of the fingers is the ___ finger.
3rd
What 3 types of ligaments exist for the metacarpophalangeal joints?
1) Medial Collateral Ligaments
2) Lateral Collateral Ligaments
3) Palmar Ligaments (aka. Palmar Plates)
The head of the proximal phalanx articulates with the base of the next distal phalanx.
Interphalangeal Joints
What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints?
Synovial Hinge Joints
What 2 movements are available at the interphalangeal joints?
1) Flexion
2) Extension
What 2 types of ligaments exist for the interphalangeal joints?
1) Medial Collateral Ligaments
2) Lateral Collateral Ligaments
