Joints & Ligaments of the Knee

Question 1

A triangle-shaped sesamoid bone in the tendon of the rectus femoris muscle and is part of the largest joint in the body.

Answer 1

Patella

Question 2

Which view of the patella shows the base as a flat superior edge and the apex as a more pointed inferior edge?

Answer 2

Anterior View

Question 3

Which view of the patella shows a vertical ridge as well as the medial and lateral articular facets?

Answer 3

Posterior View

Question 4

What do the medial and lateral articular facets of the patella articulate with?

Answer 4

Patellar Surface of the Femur
Medial & Lateral Condyles of the Femur

Question 5

What are the 3 articulations of the knee joint?

Answer 5

1) Lateral condyle of the tibia & lateral femoral condyle
2) Medial condyle of the tibia & medial femoral condyle
3) Patella & femur

Question 6

What are the 4 available movements at the knee?

Answer 6

1) Flexion
2) Extension
3) Limited Internal Rotation
4) Limited External Rotation

Question 7

Rotation only occurs when the knee is in a ______ position.

Answer 7

Flexed

Question 8

A joint where the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia articulate with the medial and lateral femoral condyles.

Answer 8

Tibiofemoral Joint

Question 9

What type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?

Answer 9

Modified Synovial Hinge Joint

Question 10

A joint where the medial and lateral facets of the patella articulate with the patellar surface of the femur.

Answer 10

Patellofemoral Joint

Question 11

What type of joint is the patellofemoral joint?

Answer 11

Synovial Plane Joint

Question 12

The patella moves __________ during flexion and _______________ during extension.

Answer 12

Inferiorly
Superolaterally

Question 13

The _______ femoral condyle projects farther anteriorly than the ______ femoral condyle, which prevents the patella from tracking too far _________.

Answer 13

Lateral
Medial
Laterally

Question 14

T/F - Majority of patellar dislocations occur on the medial side.

Answer 14

False - Majority of patellar dislocations occur on the LATERAL side.

Question 15

Lateral deviation of the distal bone(s) of a joint.

Answer 15

Valgus

Question 16

Medial deviation of the distal bones of a joint.

Answer 16

Varus

Question 17

When the knee is fixed and the distal end of the tibia has deviated laterally.

Answer 17

Valgus Deviation (aka. Knock-Knee)

Question 18

When the knee is fixed and the distal end of the tibia has deviated medially.

Answer 18

Varus Deviation (aka. Bow-Leg)

Question 19

What are the 4 types of ligaments in the knee?

Answer 19

1) Collaterals
2) Cruciates
3) Coronary
4) Transverse

Question 20

What are the 2 collateral ligaments of the knee?

Answer 20

1) Lateral Collateral Ligament
2) Medial Collateral Ligament

Question 21

A pencil-like ligament of the knee that attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the femur and the fibular head.

Answer 21

Lateral Collateral Ligament (aka. Fibular Collateral Ligament)

Question 22

What does the LCL of the knee restrict?

Answer 22

Varus Deviation

Question 23

A ligament of the knee that attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia. It is a flat thickening of the joint capsule and the deep fibres of the ligament are attached to the medial meniscus.

Answer 23

Medial Collateral Ligament (aka. Tibial Collateral Ligament)

Question 24

What does the MCL of the knee restrict?

Answer 24

Valgus Deviation

Question 25

What are the 2 cruciate ligaments of the knee?

Answer 25

1) Anterior Cruciate Ligament
2) Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Question 26

A ligament of the knee that attaches to the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia and the posteromedial side of the lateral femoral condyle. It is slack when the knee is flexed and taut when the knee is in full extension.

Answer 26

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Question 27

What does the ACL of the knee restrict?

Answer 27

1) Anterior Translation of the Tibia on the Femur
2) Posterior Translation of the Femur on the Tibia
3) Knee Extension

Question 28

A ligament of the knee that attaches to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia and the anterolateral side of the medial femoral condyle. It is slack when the knee is extended and taut when the knee is in full flexion.

Answer 28

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Question 29

What does the PCL of the knee restrict?

Answer 29

1) Posterior Translation of the Tibia on the Femur
2) Anterior Translation of the Femur on the Tibia
3) Knee Flexion

Question 30

Ligaments of the knee that attach the medial and lateral menisci to their respective tibial plateaus.

Answer 30

Medial & Lateral Coronary Ligaments

Question 31

C-shaped plates of fibrocartilage attached to the articular surfaces of the tibia and the centre is thinner than the outer edges. They are slightly mobile and help in spreading of synovial fluid during knee movement.

Answer 31

Menisci of the Knee

Question 32

What do menisci of the knee function as?

Answer 32

1) Shock Absorbers
2) Deepen the Articulation to Provide Stability

Question 33

The medial meniscus is attached to the ______ __________ ligament.

Answer 33

Medial Collateral

Question 34

A ligament of the knee that connects the medial and lateral menisci anteriorly.

Answer 34

Transverse Ligament