Bones of the Foot & Leg

Question 1

A boat-shaped tarsal bone located on the medial aspect of the foot.

Answer 1

Navicular

Question 2

Palpable on the medial side of the foot (not always on someone with flat feet) and articulates posteriorly with the talus, as well as anteriorly with the 3 cuneiforms.

Answer 2

Navicular Tuberosity

Question 3

Wedge-shaped tarsal bones that articulate with the numerically corresponding metatarsals.

Answer 3

Cuneiforms

Question 4

What are the 3 cuneiforms?

Answer 4

1) 1st/Medial Cuneiform
2) 2nd/Intermediate Cuneiform
3) 3rd/Lateral Cuneiform

Question 5

A tarsal bone located on the lateral aspect of the foot that articulates anteriorly with the 4th and 5th metatarsals, as well as posteriorly with the calcaneus. It has a groove for the peroneus longus tendon, travelling on the plantar side.

Answer 5

Cuboid

Question 6

5 bones of the foot that are numbered 1st to 5th from the “big toe” moving laterally.

Answer 6

Metatarsals

Question 7

What are the 3 parts of a metatarsal?

Answer 7

1) Base
2) Shaft
3) Head

Question 8

The ____ is the proximal end of a metatarsal.

Answer 8

Base

Question 9

The _____ is the body or primary length of a metatarsal.

Answer 9

Shaft

Question 10

The ____ is the distal end of a metatarsal.

Answer 10

Head

Question 11

A styloid process located on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal. Serves as an attachment point for the fibularlis brevis tendon.

Answer 11

Tuberosity of the 5th Metatarsal

Question 12

Located on the distal plantar surface of the head of the 1st metatarsal and helps redistribute the force of taking a step.

Answer 12

Sesamoid Bones

Question 13

14 bones that are commonly referred to as the “toes.” Each one has a base and a head, and there are 3 bones per toe expect the 1st toe, which only has 2 bones.

Answer 13

Phalanges

Question 14

Part of the foot that includes the talus and calcaneus.

Answer 14

Hindfoot

Question 15

Part of the foot that includes the navicular, cuboid, and 3 cuneiforms.

Answer 15

Midfoot

Question 16

Part of the foot that includes the 5 metatarsals and 14 phalanges.

Answer 16

Forefoot

Question 17

The padded portion of the sole of the foot at the metatarsal heads and the contact point when you stand on your toes.

Answer 17

Ball of the Foot

Question 18

Movement in which the dorsal surface of the foot moves superiorly and decreases the angle of the ankle. Occurs in the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis and between the talus and the 2 distal points of the shin bone.

Answer 18

Dorsiflexion

Question 19

Movement in which the plantar surface of the foot moves inferiorly and increases the angle of the ankle. Occurs in the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis and between the talus and the 2 distal points of the shin bone.

Answer 19

Plantar Flexion

Question 20

Movement of the sole of the foot towards the midsagittal plane. Occurs in the frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis and between the calcaneus and talus bones.

Answer 20

Inversion

Question 21

Movement of the sole of the foot away from the midsagittal plane. Occurs in the frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis and between the calcaneus and talus bones.

Answer 21

Eversion

Question 22

Movement of the forefoot away from the midline of the body (happens in a small way when you walk). Occurs in the transverse plane around a vertical axis.

Answer 22

Abduction of the Forefoot

Question 23

Movement of the forefoot towards the midline of the body (happens in a small way when you walk). Occurs in the transverse plane around a vertical axis.

Answer 23

Adduction of the Forefoot

Question 24

A combination movement of dorsiflexion, eversion, and forefoot abduction.

Answer 24

Pronation

Question 25

A combination movement of plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction.

Answer 25

Supination

Question 26

The primary weight bearing bone of the leg, otherwise known as the shin bone.

Answer 26

Tibia

Question 27

A bone that carries approximately 1/6th of body weight and was previously thought to be a non-weight bearing bone.

Answer 27

Fibula

Question 28

What are the 6 components of the fibula?

Answer 28

1) Apex (aka. Styloid Process)
2) Head
3) Neck
4) Shaft
5) Interosseous Border
6) Lateral Malleolus

Question 29

The lateral projection of your ankle, also known as “little hammer.”

Answer 29

Lateral Malleolus

Question 30

Part of the tibial plateau that articulates with the lateral femoral condyle.

Answer 30

Lateral Condyle of the Tibia

Question 31

An area found on the tibia with medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles.

Answer 31

Intercondylar Eminence

Question 32

Part of the tibial plateau that articulates with the medial femoral condyle.

Answer 32

Medial Condyle of the Tibia

Question 33

A large prominence lateral and superior to the tibial tuberosity.

Answer 33

Gerdy’s Tubercle (aka. Tubercle of Iliotibial Tract)

Question 34

A thin and prominent crest that provides attachment for the interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula.

Answer 34

Interosseous Border

Question 35

Normally lies anterior and superior to the lateral malleolus and works with it to help form the ankle joint, along with the talus.

Answer 35

Medial Malleolus

Question 36

A ridge of bone on the posterior side of the tibia providing an attachment site for muscle.

Answer 36

Soleal Line