Muscle Tissue and Joints

Question 1

what are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Answer 1

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 2

what are the 4 main functions of muscle tissue?

Answer 2

facilitate movement, open and close body passageways, thermoregulation, and maintaining posture/support for joints

Question 3

where is skeletal muscle tissue located?

Answer 3

all throughout the body

Question 4

what type of muscle tissue functions for movement under voluntary control?

Answer 4

skeletal

Question 5

what type of muscle tissue has the appereance of very long, cylindrical cells, striations, and peripherally located multinucleated cells?

Answer 5

skeletal

Question 6

where is smooth muscle tissue located?

Answer 6

GI, urinary , vascular tissue

Question 7

what type of muscle tissue functions via contractions that control movement of material under involuntary control?

Answer 7

smooth

Question 8

What type of muscle tissue has the appearance of short, spindle shaped cells that lack striations and have a single, central nucleus?

Answer 8

smooth

Question 9

where is myocardium (cardiac muscle) located?

Answer 9

muscle of the heart

Question 10

what type of muscle tissue functions to contract the heart to pump blood under involuntary control?

Answer 10

myocardium

Question 11

what type of muscle tissue has the appearance of short, bifurcated cells with striations and centrally located mono- or bi-nucleus?

Answer 11

myocardium

Question 12

what type of muscle tissue has intercalated discs?

Answer 12

myocardium

Question 13

what do intercalated discs do?

Answer 13

rapid transport of impulse

Question 14

what is responsible for the rapid transport of impulse in the myocardium?

Answer 14

intercalated discs

Question 15

what are the 5 parts of skeletal muscle organization?

Answer 15

muscle, fascicle, muscle fiber (myocyte), myofibrils, myofilaments

Question 16

what is the connective tissue that surrounds the whole muscle?

Answer 16

epimysium

Question 17

what is the connective tissue that surrounds fascicles?

Answer 17

perimysium

Question 18

what is the connective tissue that surrounds the muscle fibers?

Answer 18

endomysium

Question 19

what is the term for repeating contractile units that give muscle the striated appereance?

Answer 19

sarcomeres

Question 20

where are sarcomeres located?

Answer 20

myofibrils

Question 21

what are the two myofilaments found in sarcomeres?

Answer 21

myosin and actin

Question 22

what myofilament is thick?

Answer 22

myosin

Question 23

what myofilament is thin?

Answer 23

actin

Question 24

what is described as the linear contraction achieved by thick and thin myofilaments sliding against each other?

Answer 24

sliding filament mechanism

Question 25

how do muscles move bones?

Answer 25

happens over at least one joint and is the brining of the insertion to the origin

Question 26

what attachment of the muscle is less mobile?

Answer 26

origin

Question 27

what attachment of the muscle attaches to the axial skeleton when crossing from axial to appendicular skeleton?

Answer 27

origin

Question 28

what attachment of the muscle is the proximal attachment when taking about extremities?

Answer 28

origin

Question 29

what attachment of the muscle is more mobile?

Answer 29

insertion

Question 30

what attachment of the muscle attaches to the appendicular skeleton when crossing from axial to appendicular skeleton?

Answer 30

insertion

Question 31

what attachment of the muscle is the distal attachment when talking about extremities?

Answer 31

insertion

Question 32

muscle compartments are muscles with similar ____, ____, and/or ____

Answer 32

function, innervation, blood supply

Question 33

what is another word for joint?

Answer 33

articulation

Question 34

what is described as the place of contact between two or more bones?

Answer 34

joint

Question 35

more planes of motions means _____ stability

Answer 35

reduced

Question 36

what two ways increase stability?

Answer 36

muscular support and ligamentous attachment

Question 37

mobility and stability have an ____ relationship

Answer 37

inverse

Question 38

what are the 3 classifications of joints?

Answer 38

fibrous, cartilaginous, synvial

Question 39

____ is the class of joints that are connected by dense regular connective tissue

Answer 39

fibrous

Question 40

____ is the class of joints that are connected by plates of cartilage

Answer 40

cartilaginous

Question 41

_____ is the class of joints with articular capsule with joint cavity

Answer 41

synovial

Question 42

what are the 3 categories of fibrous joints?

Answer 42

gomphosis, sutures, syndemosis

Question 43

what are the 2 categories of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 43

synchondrosis, symphysis

Question 44

what are the 6 categories of synovial joints?

Answer 44

planar, hinge, pivot, saddle, condylar, ball-socket

Question 45

between teeth and sockets is an example of what type of fibrous joint?

Answer 45

gomphosis

Question 46

between skull bones is an example of what type of fibrous joint?

Answer 46

sutures

Question 47

the membranes between tibia/fibula and radius/ulna are an example of what type of fibrous joint?

Answer 47

syndemosis

Question 48

the epiphyseal plates and the 1st rib manubrium are examples of what type of cartilaginous joint?

Answer 48

synchondrosis

Question 49

what type of cartilaginous joint is connected by hyaline cartilage?

Answer 49

synchondrosis

Question 50

intervetebral discs and pubic symphysis are examples of what type of cartilaginous joint?

Answer 50

symphysis

Question 51

what type of cartilaginous joint is connected by fibrocartilage?

Answer 51

symphysis

Question 52

what type of synovial joint movement is when the bones slide across each other on a plane and are not able to move around an axis?

Answer 52

nonaxial

Question 53

what type of synovial joint movement is movement around one axis?

Answer 53

uniaxial

Question 54

what type of synovial joint movement is movement around 2 axes/planes and is front to back and side to side?

Answer 54

biaxial

Question 55

what type of synovial joint movement is movement around all 3 axes/planes and is front to back, side to side, and rotating/twisting?

Answer 55

multiaxial

Question 56

intercarpal and intertarsal joints are examples of what type of synovial joints?

Answer 56

gliding/planar

Question 57

the elbow, knee, and interphalangeal joints are examples of what type of synovial joints?

Answer 57

hinge

Question 58

the radioulnar and atlantoaxial joints are examples of what type of synovial joints?

Answer 58

pivot

Question 59

metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints are examples of what type of synovial joints?

Answer 59

condylar

Question 60

the thumb (first carpometacarpal) joint is an example of what type of synovial joint?

Answer 60

saddle

Question 61

the shoulder and hip joints are examples of what type of synovial joints?

Answer 61

ball and socket

Question 62

gliding/planar joints move _____

Answer 62

as flat surfaces gliding across each other

Question 63

hinge joints move around ____ axis

Answer 63

a single

Question 64

pivot joints move around ____ axis

Answer 64

a central

Question 65

condylar joints move around ____ axis

Answer 65

biaxial

Question 66

saddle joints adjoin bones that have ___ and ____ surfaces

Answer 66

convex, concave

Question 67

ball and socket joints move around _____ axis and have the ____ range of motion

Answer 67

3, greatest

Question 68

flexion _____ the angle

Answer 68

decreases

Question 69

extension ____ the angle

Answer 69

increases

Question 70

abduction is movement ______ the midline

Answer 70

away

Question 71

adduction is movement ____ the midline

Answer 71

toward

Question 72

lateral rotation is movement ______

Answer 72

outward

Question 73

medial rotation is movement _____

Answer 73

inward

Question 74

supination is rotating the _____ ______

Answer 74

palms, anteriorly

Question 75

pronation is rotating the ____ ______

Answer 75

palms, posteriorly

Question 76

inversion is rotating the ____ ______

Answer 76

sole of the foot, inward

Question 77

eversion is rotating the _____ _____

Answer 77

sole of the foot, outward

Question 78

elevation is movement ______

Answer 78

superiorly

Question 79

depression is movement _____

Answer 79

inferiorly

Question 80

What are some tissues that muscles attach to?

Answer 80

bone, skin, etc.

Question 81

Allowing blood vessels to constrict and relax are examples of how muscles do which of their functions?

Answer 81

blood circulation

Question 82

What is the purpose of sphincter muscles?

Answer 82

contract to prevent passage, relax to allow for waste elimination

Question 83

What will your muscle tissues cause you to do if you need help with thermoregulation?

Answer 83

shiver

Question 84

Cardiac muscles are _____ to allow cells to _____ for impulse conductions

Answer 84

bifurcated, interact with each other

Question 85

The myocardium is the _____ layer of the heart

Answer 85

middle

Question 86

The middle layer of the heart is the _____

Answer 86

myocardium

Question 87

_____ are the contractile units of muscle fibers

Answer 87

sarcomeres

Question 88

____ sarcomeres make the muscle fiber long, while _____ sarcomeres make the muscle fiber short

Answer 88

relaxed, contracted

Question 89

The axial skeleton is the ____ bones

Answer 89

central

Question 90

The appendicular skeleton is the bones of the _____

Answer 90

extremeties

Question 91

The muscle between teeth and sockets are an example of what type?

Answer 91

gomphosis

Question 92

Skull bones are connected by what type of joints?

Answer 92

sutures

Question 93

Syndesmosis are the joints _____

Answer 93

between bones

Question 94

Ligaments are made of _____ connective tissue

Answer 94

dense regular

Question 95

Wrist and ankle bones are connected by what type of joint?

Answer 95

gliding/planar

Question 96

The muscle that makes your head move side to side (atlantoaxial joint C1-C2) is what type of joint?

Answer 96

pivot

Question 97

What type of joint allows fingers to move side to side and flex?

Answer 97

condylar

Question 98

Flexion and extension happen in what plane?

Answer 98

saggittal

Question 99

Abduction and adduction happen in what plane?

Answer 99

coronal

Question 100

When your forearm is in supination, the bones are _____

Answer 100

parallel

Question 101

When your forearm is in pronation, the bones are ____

Answer 101

crossed-over

Question 102

The ___ ____ is the neurons control center that receives, integrates, and sends out nerve impulses

Answer 102

cell body

Question 103

The ____ _____ carries sensory info from skin to cell body

Answer 103

peripheral

Question 104

The _____ detects touch, pain, temp, and vibrations of skin

Answer 104

dendrites

Question 105

The ______ ______ sends impulses from the cell body the the CNS

Answer 105

central process

Question 106

The ____ ____ _____ is where a central and peripheral process attach to the cell body

Answer 106

short single process

Question 107

The _____ transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands

Answer 107

axons

Question 108

99% of neurons are what type?

Answer 108

interneurons

Question 109

The ____ ___ _____ controls substances that can leave capillaries and enter the fluid surrounding neurons

Answer 109

blood brain barrier

Question 110

Sodium enter the neuron makes the inside ______ relative to the outside

Answer 110

positive