Multicellular Organisms - Production new cells, Mitosis

Question 1

What is Mitosis?

Answer 1

Division of cells
- Provides new cells for growth and repair
- Maintains the diploid chromosome complement of each new cell.

Question 2

Define a diploid cell and a haploid cell

Answer 2

diploid cell - cell with two copies of each chromosome
haploid cell - cell with one set of chromosomes

Total num of chromosomes in diploid cells? → 2n

Question 3

Describe the process of Mitosis

Answer 3

1. Each chromosome makes an identical copy of itself called chromatids
2. Chromatid pairs line up at equator of the cell.
3. Spindle fibers pull the pairs of chromatids apart so only one copy of each chromosome moves to each pole of the cell
4. Nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes at the poles.
5. After the two nuclei have formed the cytoplasm divides and 2 separate diploid cells are formed

Question 4

• Define the Equator of a cell
• Define spindle fibers

Answer 4

Equator - Middle of the cell where chromatids line up

Spindle fibers - Strands of protein that cell uses to separate the chromatid pairs

Question 5

Explain how the diploid chromosome complement is maintained during mitosis

Answer 5

The parent cell divided to produce the daughter cells, which ensures that no genetic info is lost so the cell can function properly.