Cell Bio - DNA Structure

Question 1

Describe the structure of DNA and explain its purpose

Answer 1

• Double stranded helix held together by complementary base pairs. The strands are held together by weak hydrogen bonds
• Carries genetic information for making proteins. and is stored inside the nucleus in chromosomes

Question 2

State the four bases and their complementary base pairs

Answer 2

• Adenine always pairs with Thymine
• Guanine always pairs with Cytosine

Question 3

• Define a gene
• Define the genetic code

Answer 3

• Section of DNA that codes for a protein
• Sequence of bases along a strand that determines the amino acid sequence in proteins.

Question 4

What is a chromosome and how many pairs do humans have?

Answer 4

• DNA stored as long thin threads.
• 23 pairs (46 in total)

Question 5

What is the name of the hundreds of repeating units that make up DNA strands?

Answer 5

Nucleotide bases

Question 6

Describe how the code to make the protein insulin would differ from making the protein amylase

Answer 6

Diiferent proteins have a different order of bases