Bones, Muscles, Tissue and Cells

Question 1

What do bones help the body with?

Answer 1

Support, Protection, and Muscle attachment

Question 2

What is the role of a TENDON?

Answer 2

A TENDON attaches a muscle to a bone. They don’t stretch, so when the muscle contracts, the force of the contraction pulls on the bone and the bone moves.

Question 3

What is the role of a LIGAMENT?

Answer 3

A LIGAMENT attaches a bone to a bone. They hold our bones in the right position to ensure the correct functioning of our joints. Damage to the ligaments can cause sprains and dislocations.

Question 4

Give 2 reasons why TENDONS and LIGAMENTS are different.

Answer 4

• Tendons cannot stretch, whilst Ligaments can.
• Ligaments are elastic, whilst tendons aren’t.

Question 5

Give two examples of a BALL AND SOCKET synovial joint.

Answer 5

-Hip
-Shoulder

Question 6

Describe how muscles work in pairs in the arm to allow move using the terms CONTRACT and RELAX.

Answer 6

Each muscle can only CONTRACT (become smaller in length) on its own. Each muscle must RELAX and be stretched out by the contraction of the other muscle pair in order to return to its original length.

Question 7

What is a HINGE synovial joint?

Answer 7

A hinge synovial joint is a type of joint that can only bend and straighten in ONE plane.

Question 8

What is a BALL AND SOCKET synovial joint?

Answer 8

A ball and socket joint is a type of synovial joint that can move in multiple directions.

Question 9

Give two examples of a HINGE synovial joint

Answer 9

• Elbow
• Knee

Question 10

Name 15 bones in the body.

Answer 10

Patella, Scapula, Phalanges, Vertebrae, Skull, Coccyx Area, Humerus, Fibula, Tibula, Femur, Pelvis, Radius, Ulna, Tarsals, Ribs, Carpals

Question 11

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 11

Synovial joints are joints that have evolved to move and have a fluid within them that acts like a lubrication to reduce friction and allow a smooth moving action

Question 12

What is an antagonistic muscle?

Answer 12

Antagonistic Muscle is a muscle that opposes the action of another. For example, when the triceps oppose the contraction of the flexing biceps by relaxing, the triceps would be the antagonistic muscle to the biceps.

Question 13

Explain why the biceps and triceps need to work as antagonistic muscles in order to flex and extend the arm

Answer 13

Muscles can only pull, not push