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pharmacology II > Monday week 11 > Flashcards

Monday week 11 Flashcards

1
Q

How can be applied to eyes

A 
solutions- can see through, evaporates
gels - fat
ointments - more fat better contact tme
medicated contacts
collagen sheilds
injection
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2
Q

what types of eye meds

A
  • anesthetic - opthane
  • staining agents
  • mydriatics - dialate
  • cycloplegics - paralysis of accomination
  • miotics
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3
Q

what should you do if anyone comes with eye complaint

A

always do a visual aquity exam, may need opthane anesthetic if necessary

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4
Q

down side of eye anesthesia, corneal abrasion

A

slows down eye epithelia healing** increase risk of infection ulcer

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5
Q

myriatics

A

dialte puple

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6
Q

cycloplegics

A

paralysis of accommodation

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7
Q

miotics

A

pupillary constriction

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8
Q

2 agents for eye exams

A

mydriatics - dilate

mytotics - pupil constriction

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9
Q

Fluroescein dye: orange

A

affixes to damage in eye, abrasion, infx, ulceraion then luminesence
- can stain contact lenses

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10
Q

light to use with fluroescein

A

Colbalt blue light

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11
Q

whaat infections can you see

A
  • herpes keratitis

- herpes zoster

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12
Q

how is fluroescein dye appliec

A

imbeded pieces of paper, wet with salene then hold against lower lid in multiple

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13
Q

ocular steroids

A

herpes infection:

must be used with an anti viral and possibly anti bacterial

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14
Q

Etiologies of dry eye

A
  • auto immune, lupus , sjogrens
  • contact lense - most common***
  • envirionment
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15
Q

what do OTC lubricants ususally have

A

Glycerin solutions

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16
Q

Cyclosporine/Restasis

A

anti rejection drug immune modulation

wetting agent for eyes

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17
Q

MOS cyclosporine

A

T cell inhibition diminished inflammation which allows tear production

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18
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Pink eye

  • allercic most common hear
  • viral
  • bacterial
  • ultraviolet burns
  • chemical toxins
  • contact overuse
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19
Q

conjunctivits, sx

A

conjunctivitys is itchy, lid swelling and discharge, but no swelling over iris and pupil,

20
Q

bacterial

A

pyogenic

stringy grey or yellowish discharge

21
Q

Tetrahydrozoline/visine

A

ocular astringent, redness reliever

22
Q

moa of tetrahyrozoling/visine

A

vasocontrictor

23
Q

side effects of visine overuse

A

rebound redness vasodilation, local irritation

24
Q

why zinc in visine

A

act as astringent to keep from watering .

25
Q

Azelastine/optivar

A

ocular antihistamine - workse good, for allergic conjunctivitis

26
Q

MOA of azelastine/optivar

A

antihistamine

- H1 receptor blocker

27
Q

side effects of azelastine

A

local irritation, limited systemic absorption

28
Q

visine

A

tetrahydrozoline- eye redness

29
Q

optivar

A

azelastine - ocular antihistamine

30
Q

Ketorolac/acular

A

occular discomfort from swelling- eye strain

31
Q

Ketorolac/acular - MOA

A

cyclooxygenase inhibitor

non steroidal - eye discom

32
Q

side effects ketorolac/Acular

A

slight increase risk of glaucoma

33
Q

ocular antimicrobials

A 
sulfonamides
macrolides
aminoglycosides
fluroquinolones - ciprofloxins
bacitracin-polymyxin
34
Q

Polysporen opthalmic class

A

antibiotic

35
Q

Polysporin indication

A

Bacterial conjunctivitis, blepharitis, corneal ulcers, dear duct infection prophylactic after abrasion

36
Q

Vidarabine/Ara-A

A

antiviral, specific HSF

Keratoconjunctivitis

37
Q

MOA - Vidarabine/Ara - A

A

Inhibit viral DNA synthesis

38
Q

how can Vidarabine /ara-a be used

A

ointmen

IV for systemic used, Ie herpes in eye

39
Q

problem with glaucoma

A

damage optic nerve,
visual field loss,
leading to blindness

40
Q

acute angle closure glaucoma

A

acute pain, injection to iris past limbus past pupil, this is very concering . medical emergency

41
Q

chemosis

A

swelling of the schelera if the eye

42
Q

how is glaucoma treated

A
  • Beta blockers

- prostaglandins analogues to shrink pupil- more space to drain

43
Q

beta blockers

A

light headedness

orthostatic hypotension even with eyedrops

44
Q

Timolol/Timoptic class

A

beta blocker for chronic glucoma

45
Q

Timolol timoptic

A

concern with COPD, low blood pressre, fatigue, impotence especially if very senstitive .

46
Q

Latanoprost/xalatan

A

eyelash one

47
Q

mitotic agents for glaucoma

A

pilocarpine o

pharmacology II (31 decks)

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