Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pharmacology II > Final other stuff: osteoporosis, reproductive, dementia etc > Flashcards

Final other stuff: osteoporosis, reproductive, dementia etc Flashcards

1
Q

which diuretics cause hypocalcemia

A

Loop diuretics: furosemide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which diuretics cause hypercalcemia

A

Thiazides: chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

classes of osteoporosis drugs

A 
Bisphosphenates: alendronate/Fosamax 
SERM: Raloxifene/evista
Syn calcitonin: calcitonin
synth parathyroid: teriparatide
Estrogen/HRT: Premarin, Prempro
Human anticlonal antibody: Denosumab
Statin: lovastatin
Phytoestrogens: isoflavones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

esophagitis, osteonecrosis of jaw, atypical femur fractures**Bad actor

A

Bisphosphonates: alendronate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which osteoporosis increase cancer risk

A

Premarin: endometrial CA and Stroke
Prempro: (E+P) breast CA, stroke, MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what osteoporosis drug is used in cancer, RA, Multiple myeloma

A

human monoclonal antibody: denosumab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOA: osteoporosis drugs

A

bisphosphonates: alendronate: stop osteoclast
SERM: Raloxifene: modulate estrogen receptor
Synth Calcitonin: stop osteoclasts
synth parathyroid: teriperitide increase turnover, osteoblast increase more
Estrogen/HRD: Prempr, premarin, bind estrogen receptors
Human monoclonal antibodies: denosumab-Target Rankl to stop bone removal
Statin: pathway, may decreas fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what osteoporosis drugs increases DVT risk, Stroke?

A

DVT: SERM - Raloxifene if had prior DVT, not for pregnancy
Stroke: Estrogens, Prempro and premarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what osteoporosis drug may increase risk of infection

A

Monoclonal antibody: densumab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Calcium is best when

A

have not yet had fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

calcitriol

A

prescription Vit D, may raise Ca to high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

strontium may do what

A

increase osteoblastic activity, to much may weaken bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Reproductive, what ones are Category X

A

Premarin a conjugated estrogen is Category X

  • uterine and breast cancer,
  • DVT
  • atherlsclreosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

reproductive , which one has black box warnarning no longer than 2 years

A

Progesterone only: Depo-Provera, medroyxprogeserone

  • risk of osteoporosis,
  • birth defects if pregnant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what reproductive drug reduces endometriosis risk 80%

A

Progesterone only: Depo provera, don’t use if hs of breast, ovarian or uterine cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

concern with combo pill

A
  • metformin and antibitics reduce efficacy
  • ## Reduce risk of Colorectal, ovarian and endometrial Ca
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

IUD

A

Paraguard: copper
Marina: progestin
Skyla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Problem with Nuva ring and patch

A

increased risk of blood clots over other birth control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Morning afters

A

Progestin only: levonorgestrel Plan B
SPRM: Ella:
estrogen progestin combo
abortifactant: mifepristone:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

fertility drub

A

SERM: clomid

21
Q

Viagra: moa

A

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor: relaxes smooth muscle in the corpus cavernosum by keeping Cyclic CMP around

22
Q

Viagra side effects

A 
Priapism: extended erecton
cyanopsia
hypotension
nasal gongestion
Pulmonary hypotension***
23
Q

MOA Tricyclic antidepresant

A

Tricyclic antidepressant: amitriptyline

- Increase Serotonin and NE

24
Q

MOA Tetracyclic antidepressant

A

Tetracyclic antidepressant: trazodone/desyrel

  • serotonin reuptake inhibitor and partial agonist to
  • increase serotonin
25
Q

SSRI: Prozac

A

SSRI: Prozac

- increase serotonin by decreases presynaptic reuptake

26
Q

SNRI: Cymbalta

A

SNRI: Cymbalta

  • increase serotonin and NE
  • Decrease serotonin and NE reuptake
27
Q

NDRI: Bupropion/wellbutrin

A

NDRI: Buprobion/wellbutrion

  • increase dopamine and NE
  • reduce Dopamine and NE reuptake
28
Q

NDRI: Zyban

A

NDRI: zyban

- increase dopamine and NE

29
Q

How to the barbituates work?

A

Increase GABA binding by binding to receptor near GABA binding sight.

30
Q

name the barbituates

A
  • Thiopental - ultra short
  • Pentobarbital - short
  • Butalbital - intermediate
  • Phenobarbital- long
31
Q

How to Benzodiazapenes work

A

Increase Gaba effect on Cl channel

32
Q

what are the benzos

A
  • Versed- syrup/endoscope
  • Valium- seizures
  • Ambien- fall asleep sleep walking
  • Lunesta - no tolerance stay asleep
33
Q

Melatonin agonist: Ramelton

A

Binds MT1/2 receptors to enhance effects of mellatonin

34
Q

Benzo overdose

A

Romazicon: IV only

35
Q

antidote of Neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by antipsycotic Haldol

A

Dopamine agonist/Bromocriptine

36
Q

What are the typical neuroleptics

A

Thorazine: D2 block
Compazine: HI block
Haldolol: D2 - neuroleptic malignant

37
Q

What are the atypical neuroleptics

A

D2 and Serotonin (blockaide) elderly strokes and wt gain

  • clozapine
  • Risperdal
  • Zyprexa
38
Q

lithium salts

A

dampen transmission of NE and diminish glutamate response .

39
Q

what is the MOA or most dementia drugs

A

Acetycholinesterase inhibitors

40
Q

acetycholinesterase inhibitor dementia drugs

A
  • Aricept - dementia
  • Exalon - young onset dementia
  • Galantamine - brain damaged adults
41
Q

Non acetyl-cholinesterase inhibitor for dementia

A

NMDA glutamate receptor blocker: Namenda
increased libido, insomnia and agitation
severe

42
Q

Status epilepticus drugs

A

Ativan
valium
Dilantin
Zarontin

43
Q

Absence seizure drugs

A

Zarontin: T type Ca channel ; giant gums

44
Q

tonic clonic drugs

A

Keppra: skin pigment
Lamactil : bipolar
Topamax
Depakote : birth defects and giant gums (gaba)

45
Q

MOA of the antiseizure meds

A

most are barbituates or benzos so they are increasing the sensitivity to GABA

46
Q

moa dopamine precursor : sinemet

Parkinsons

A

Increase dopamine levels

47
Q

Dopamine agonist: Bromocriptine

Parkinsons

A

Mimic dopamine and stimulate receptors

48
Q

Anticholinergics: Cogentin

Parkinsons

A

Anticholinergic antagonist: also to diminish side effects of antipsycotic drugs like halodol

49
Q

MOA amandatine

A

antagonist of NMDA receptors, reduce dopamine reuptake

pharmacology II (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions