Hyperthyroidism

Question 1

most common cause of hyperthyroidism

Answer 1

autoimmune, antibodies stimulate TSH receptors on thyroid gland.

Question 2

autoimmune hyperthyroidism

Answer 2

graves disease

Question 3

what is thyroiditis facticia

Answer 3

when excessive admin of thyroid hormone results in hyperthyroid state

Question 4

sx of hyperthyroid

Answer 4

nervous, tachycardia, weight losss, heat intolerance sweating, diarrhea, general weakness. Increased osteoporosisi and cardiac disease.

Question 5

PE findings of graves

Answer 5

goiter and exopthalmous

Question 6

pretibial myxedema

Answer 6

non-pitting edema is association with graves dx

Question 7

how is hyperthyroid treated

Answer 7

block thyroid synthesis, block release, block conversion and block adernergic sx

Question 8

definitive treatment

Answer 8

surgical removal or radioactive iodine ablation.

Question 9

of thyroid treatmetn

Answer 9

Methimazole/tapazole - propylthiouracil(PTU) - Propanolol/Inderal - iodine/iodide - Radioactive iodine 131

Question 10

Classes of thyroid treatment

Answer 10

Thionamide - non selective betablocker - elemental iodine - radioactive isotope

Question 11

Thionamide drug

Answer 11

Methiamazole/tapazole and propythiouracil PTU

Question 12

MOA of thionamide drugs

Answer 12

Inhibit iodine into organic iodine blocking thyroxine production. Inhibit T3 T3 formation

Question 13

side effect of methiamazole

Answer 13

agranulocytosis - only given for 6-12 months,

Question 14

What is the main difference betwenn the thionamide drugs, methiamazole and PTU

Answer 14

Methiamazole doesn’t effect T4 to T3 conversion while PTU blocks the T4 to T3 conversion in periphery

Question 15

why would thionamides not be used for thyroid storm

Answer 15

they take weeks to reach theraputic state

Question 16

why is Propanolol: beta blocker used

Answer 16

Blocks adrenergic symptoms and for thyroid storm.

Question 17

moa of probanolol

Answer 17

Beta 1 and 2 receptor blockaide so it may cause fatigue, depression, impotency

Question 18

why elemental iodine

Answer 18

Thyroid storm, because large doses inhibit thyroxine release from thyroid.

Question 19

how is elemental iodine givene

Answer 19

super saturated potassium iodide, sski

Question 20

how long does iodine work

Answer 20

2-3 weeks them it goes back to normal

Question 21

radioactive iodinewhy

Answer 21

definitive treatment of hyperthyroidism, and some thyroid cancer.

Question 22

what must be done before radioactive iodine therapy

Answer 22

patients should be rendered euthyroid by some drug

Question 23

what antithyroid drug is category X

Answer 23

Radioactive iodine, possiblity of leukemia, delay pregnancy 6-12 months.

Question 24

what type of particles in radioactive

Answer 24

Beta particles, it often takes weeks for completion

Question 25

side effects of radioactive iodine

Answer 25

hypothyroid state, impotency, decreased sperm count 2 years,

Question 26

what is thyroid strom

Answer 26

high fever, irritability, delirium, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, hypotension, vascular collapse, ddeath

Question 27

who can have thyroid storm

Answer 27

hyperthyroid who become septic, if they have thyroid surgy wihtout first blunting thrroid,

Question 28

thyroid storm treatmetn

Answer 28

beta blocker, propanolol along with elemental iodine to stun thyroid