Hyperthyroidism Flashcards
most common cause of hyperthyroidism
autoimmune, antibodies stimulate TSH receptors on thyroid gland.
autoimmune hyperthyroidism
graves disease
what is thyroiditis facticia
when excessive admin of thyroid hormone results in hyperthyroid state
sx of hyperthyroid
nervous, tachycardia, weight losss, heat intolerance sweating, diarrhea, general weakness. Increased osteoporosisi and cardiac disease.
PE findings of graves
goiter and exopthalmous
pretibial myxedema
non-pitting edema is association with graves dx
how is hyperthyroid treated
block thyroid synthesis, block release, block conversion and block adernergic sx
definitive treatment
surgical removal or radioactive iodine ablation.
of thyroid treatmetn
Methimazole/tapazole - propylthiouracil(PTU) - Propanolol/Inderal - iodine/iodide - Radioactive iodine 131
Classes of thyroid treatment
Thionamide - non selective betablocker - elemental iodine - radioactive isotope
Thionamide drug
Methiamazole/tapazole and propythiouracil PTU
MOA of thionamide drugs
Inhibit iodine into organic iodine blocking thyroxine production. Inhibit T3 T3 formation
side effect of methiamazole
agranulocytosis - only given for 6-12 months,
What is the main difference betwenn the thionamide drugs, methiamazole and PTU
Methiamazole doesn’t effect T4 to T3 conversion while PTU blocks the T4 to T3 conversion in periphery
why would thionamides not be used for thyroid storm
they take weeks to reach theraputic state
why is Propanolol: beta blocker used
Blocks adrenergic symptoms and for thyroid storm.
moa of probanolol
Beta 1 and 2 receptor blockaide so it may cause fatigue, depression, impotency
why elemental iodine
Thyroid storm, because large doses inhibit thyroxine release from thyroid.
how is elemental iodine givene
super saturated potassium iodide, sski
how long does iodine work
2-3 weeks them it goes back to normal
radioactive iodinewhy
definitive treatment of hyperthyroidism, and some thyroid cancer.
what must be done before radioactive iodine therapy
patients should be rendered euthyroid by some drug
what antithyroid drug is category X
Radioactive iodine, possiblity of leukemia, delay pregnancy 6-12 months.
what type of particles in radioactive
Beta particles, it often takes weeks for completion
side effects of radioactive iodine
hypothyroid state, impotency, decreased sperm count 2 years,
what is thyroid strom
high fever, irritability, delirium, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, hypotension, vascular collapse, ddeath
who can have thyroid storm
hyperthyroid who become septic, if they have thyroid surgy wihtout first blunting thrroid,
thyroid storm treatmetn
beta blocker, propanolol along with elemental iodine to stun thyroid
