Insulin Flashcards
what type of hormone is insuline
anabolic: increase synthesis of glycogen, lipids and proteins,
what stimulates insulin production and release
rise in serum glucose levels, glucagon
what inhibitis insulin release
low serum glucose, somatostatin
what does insulin inhibit
glycogenylysis, hepatic ketogenesis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, and peripheral tissues
what stimulates glycogen breakdown
absensce of insulin , presence of glucagon
when does glucagon show up
when blood glucose is low
howdoes insulin inhibit fat breakdown
inhibitin intracellular lipase within adipocytes, it also promotes tiglyceride storaege
how can insulin be given?
Never oral, but SQ, IM, IV, nasal
who uses insulin
All Type I diabetics, Type II when other factors have failed to control blood glucose
what are the 4 methods of action for insuin
Rapid, short, intermediate, and long
Rapid acting insulin
Lispro/aspart
Timing of lispro/aspart
15min/30-60/3-5 hrs
Short acting insulin
Regular/humulin R
timing of Regular humulin R
30min/2-4hrs/4-12hrs
Intermediated acting insulin
NPH/humulin N
timing of NPH/Humulin N
1-3hrs/6-12hrs/14-16hrs
Long acting insulin
Glargine/lantus
timing of Glargine/lantus
4-6hrs/flat/18-24hrs
typical dose of insulin
.4-.6units reglar per kg per day in divided doses.
when is lispro dosed
15 minutes before each meal.
what drug is used during sleeping hours
Lantus
what is the most feared sided effect if insulin
hypoglycema that can resuld in seizures coma and death
common side effect of beginning insulin treatment
Weight gain
what causes hypokalemia after insulin administration
potassium entry into cell from serum is stimulated
what can happen at injection site/3
fibrotic/muscle or fat atrophy
