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Microbiology & Immunology > Module 8 > Flashcards

Module 8 Flashcards

1
Q

what bacteria usually has a golden or yellow pigmentation but clinical isolates have a creamy pigmentation

A

S. aureus

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2
Q

what bacteria is coagulase positive

A

S. aureus

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3
Q

what bacteria typically produces white pigmented colonies

A

S. epidermidis

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4
Q

S. aureus has ____ on blood agar plates through secretion of multiple protein toxin enzymes

A

beta-hemolysis

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5
Q

which bacteria is a normal inhabitant of the skin

A

S. epidermidis

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6
Q

what bacteria inhabits the anterior nares

A

S. aureus

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7
Q

___ is a major cause of food-borne poisoning

A

S. aureus

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8
Q

what is the largest cause of a variety of hospital-acquired infections

A

staphlyococcus bacteria

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9
Q

which staph bacteria is limited in foreign body colonization (shunts, catheters, joint prostheses) leading to local pathology, occasionally ___ & __

A
  • S. epidermidis
  • bacteremia
  • endocarditis
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10
Q

both staph bacteria produce ___ that inhibit __ allowing bacteremia

A

polysaccharide capsules, phagocytosis

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11
Q

what is a looser extracellular polysaccharide that helps in adherence to smooth surfaces produced by S. epidermidis

A

slime production

important in allowing colonization of indwelling catheters, major problem in hospitalized patients

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12
Q

what are the skin infections that S. aureus can cause

A
  • boils
  • pimples
  • impetigo
  • scalded skin syndrome
  • salivary gland –> sialidentitis & parotitis
  • sinusitis
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13
Q

what are the more serious infections caused by S. aureus

A
  • endocarditis
  • osteomyelitis
  • pneumonia
  • septicemia
  • toxic shock
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14
Q

what are the 3 infections of S. aureus seen in the dental field

A
  • sialadenitis (parotitis)
  • angular cheilitis
  • Ludwig’s angina (facial cellulitis)
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15
Q

what is a staph infection or swelling of the salivary glands that is associated with dry mouth and surgical intervention or use of medications such as antihistamines, antidepressants, or anticholinergic agents

A

sialadenitis (parotitis)

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16
Q

what is lip irritation caused by infection, irritation, or allergies? the infection can be by fungi such as Candida albicans or bacteria such as S. aureus

A

angular cheilitis

17
Q

what is a dental infection with rapid onset where the floor of the mouth is raised and there is difficulty swallowing saliva? the major cause is periodontal microbiota infection. This infection can inhibit breathing, and antibiotics and steroids are necessary

A

Ludwig’s angina (facial cellulitis)

18
Q

__ is a metastatic infection, a bloodstream invasion capable of spreading to any area of the body

A

S. aureus

19
Q

what is the most common bone infection that is caused from a bloodstream spread from skin, direct spread from arthritis, or wound infection with trauma to the bone

A

osteomyelitis

20
Q

what is dissemination from skin via blood to joint and osteomyelitis to joint and is the destruction of cartilage and permanent joint deformity

A

arthritis

21
Q

what is the most common bacteria that is an oral resident that can colonize the heart

A

S. aureus

22
Q

__ follows bacteremia after a primary infection of the skin, respiratory tract, etc. (MRSA)

A

endocarditis

23
Q

what patients are susceptible to endocarditis

A
  • diabetes
  • cardiovascular disease
  • granulocyte disorders
  • immune deficiencies
24
Q

what are the most common valves infected in endocarditis

A

mitral & aortic valves

25
Q

what are the virulence factors of S. aureus

A
  • surface-expressed binding protein adhesins
  • exported toxins and enzymes (active on host cells)
  • coagulase to counter the response of the immune system
  • catalase to counter the response of the immune system
26
Q

staph cell wall components are __

A

inflammatory

27
Q

what is a major protein component of the cell wall with nonspecific interactions with Fc of immunoglobulins interfering with opsonization

A

protein A

28
Q

what are the 5 types of toxins secreted by S. aureus

A
  • hemolysins
  • leukocidans
  • enterotoxins
  • exfoliative
  • TSST-1
29
Q

the two major type of pathogenic staphylococci are readily distinguished by:

a - production of white or yellow pigment
b - production of coagulase
c - production of catalase
d - cell shape and arrangement e - all except C&D

A

e - all except C&D

both staphylococci bacteria have the same cell shape and arrangment

Microbiology & Immunology (23 decks)

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