Module 8 Flashcards
what bacteria usually has a golden or yellow pigmentation but clinical isolates have a creamy pigmentation
S. aureus
what bacteria is coagulase positive
S. aureus
what bacteria typically produces white pigmented colonies
S. epidermidis
S. aureus has ____ on blood agar plates through secretion of multiple protein toxin enzymes
beta-hemolysis
which bacteria is a normal inhabitant of the skin
S. epidermidis
what bacteria inhabits the anterior nares
S. aureus
___ is a major cause of food-borne poisoning
S. aureus
what is the largest cause of a variety of hospital-acquired infections
staphlyococcus bacteria
which staph bacteria is limited in foreign body colonization (shunts, catheters, joint prostheses) leading to local pathology, occasionally ___ & __
- S. epidermidis
- bacteremia
- endocarditis
both staph bacteria produce ___ that inhibit __ allowing bacteremia
polysaccharide capsules, phagocytosis
what is a looser extracellular polysaccharide that helps in adherence to smooth surfaces produced by S. epidermidis
slime production
important in allowing colonization of indwelling catheters, major problem in hospitalized patients
what are the skin infections that S. aureus can cause
- boils
- pimples
- impetigo
- scalded skin syndrome
- salivary gland –> sialidentitis & parotitis
- sinusitis
what are the more serious infections caused by S. aureus
- endocarditis
- osteomyelitis
- pneumonia
- septicemia
- toxic shock
what are the 3 infections of S. aureus seen in the dental field
- sialadenitis (parotitis)
- angular cheilitis
- Ludwig’s angina (facial cellulitis)
what is a staph infection or swelling of the salivary glands that is associated with dry mouth and surgical intervention or use of medications such as antihistamines, antidepressants, or anticholinergic agents
sialadenitis (parotitis)
what is lip irritation caused by infection, irritation, or allergies? the infection can be by fungi such as Candida albicans or bacteria such as S. aureus
angular cheilitis
what is a dental infection with rapid onset where the floor of the mouth is raised and there is difficulty swallowing saliva? the major cause is periodontal microbiota infection. This infection can inhibit breathing, and antibiotics and steroids are necessary
Ludwig’s angina (facial cellulitis)
__ is a metastatic infection, a bloodstream invasion capable of spreading to any area of the body
S. aureus
what is the most common bone infection that is caused from a bloodstream spread from skin, direct spread from arthritis, or wound infection with trauma to the bone
osteomyelitis
what is dissemination from skin via blood to joint and osteomyelitis to joint and is the destruction of cartilage and permanent joint deformity
arthritis
what is the most common bacteria that is an oral resident that can colonize the heart
S. aureus
__ follows bacteremia after a primary infection of the skin, respiratory tract, etc. (MRSA)
endocarditis
what patients are susceptible to endocarditis
- diabetes
- cardiovascular disease
- granulocyte disorders
- immune deficiencies
what are the most common valves infected in endocarditis
mitral & aortic valves
what are the virulence factors of S. aureus
- surface-expressed binding protein adhesins
- exported toxins and enzymes (active on host cells)
- coagulase to counter the response of the immune system
- catalase to counter the response of the immune system
staph cell wall components are __
inflammatory
what is a major protein component of the cell wall with nonspecific interactions with Fc of immunoglobulins interfering with opsonization
protein A
what are the 5 types of toxins secreted by S. aureus
- hemolysins
- leukocidans
- enterotoxins
- exfoliative
- TSST-1
the two major type of pathogenic staphylococci are readily distinguished by:
a - production of white or yellow pigment
b - production of coagulase
c - production of catalase
d - cell shape and arrangement e - all except C&D
e - all except C&D
both staphylococci bacteria have the same cell shape and arrangment
