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Microbiology & Immunology > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

how small is invisible

A

<0.1 mm

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2
Q

who is the “father of microbiology”

A

leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

what kinds of microbes are too small to be visible

A
  • viruses
  • bacteria
  • fungi
  • parasites
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4
Q

what is microbiology

A

the study of living things that are too small to see (& viruses)

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5
Q

which is the least complex?
a - viruses
b - bacteria
c - fungi
d - parasites

A

a - viruses

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6
Q

which is the most complex?
a - viruses
b - bacteria
c - fungi
d - parasites

A

d - parasites

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7
Q

what are the primary classifications of viruses

A

DNA or RNA

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8
Q

what are the primary classifications of bacteria

A

gram + or -

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9
Q

what are the primary classifications of fungi

A
  • yeast (single cell)
  • mold (multi cell)
  • dimorphic (yeast & mold)
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10
Q

what are the primary classifications of parasites

A

protozoa or worms (helminths)

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11
Q

T/F: there are many microbes that are ALWAYS pathogenic

A

false - very few microbes are ALWAYS pathogenic

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12
Q

T/F: many microbes are POTENTIALLY pathogenic

A

TRUE

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13
Q

T?F: most microbes are NEVER pathogenic

A

true

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14
Q

what are the secondary classifications o fviruses

A
  • single or double stranded
  • outer or no envelope
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15
Q

what are the secondary classifications of bacteria

A
  • cocci or rod
  • aerobic or anaerobic
  • spore or no spore forming
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16
Q

what are the secondary classifications of fungi

A
  • pigment or no pigment
  • nuclei septum or nonseptated
17
Q

what are the secondary classifications of protozoa parasites

A
  • ameba
  • flagellates
  • sporozoa
18
Q

what are the secondary classifications of worm (helminth) parasites

A
  • roundworms (nematodes)
  • flatworms (trematodes)
  • tapeworms (cestodes)
19
Q

what is the use of an emulsion to trap single nucleic acid templates in wells, PCR amplify them, and then light monitoring to detect all matching primer extensions

10^5 to 10^8 nucleotides at a time

A

parallel sequencing

20
Q

which of these are benefits that bacteria can provide to the hosts they colonize?
a - provide vitamins
b - stimulate the immune system
c - increase inflammation
d - a & b

A

d - a & b

MOST COLONIZATION IS BENEFICIAL

21
Q

what was Anthony Leeuwenhoek’s nationality?

A

dutch

22
Q

what is a “microbiome”?
a - complete set of microbes in a niche
b - total of all the gene sequences in a sample
c - major organisms inhabiting a body site
d - the study of live things below visible size

A

a - complete set of microbes in a niche

23
Q

what is the entire total gene sequence of a sample or that obtainable from a niche or body site

A

metagenome

Microbiology & Immunology (23 decks)

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