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microbiology & immunology > 2.6 > Flashcards

2.6 Flashcards

1
Q

what type of cell involved in cell-mediated immunity produces cytokines and activate and recruit other cells

A

CD4 helper T cells

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2
Q

what type of cell involved in cell-mediated immunity kills infected cells

A

CD8 cytotoxic T cells

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3
Q

TCRs expressed on T cell clones can only recognize ___

A

one peptide / MHC complex

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4
Q

T/F several peptides can be presented by different MHC I and MHC II molecules on the surface of the same DC

A

true

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5
Q

what patrols LN in search of antigens with the perfect fit

A

T cells

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6
Q

what does Th1 make and activate

A
  • IFN gamma
  • macrophages
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7
Q

what does Th2 make and activate

A
  • IL4, IL5, & IL13
  • eosinophils
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8
Q

what does Th17 make and activate

A
  • IL17 & IL22
  • neutrophils
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9
Q

what determines the fate of naive T cells

A

cytokines produced by DC or other innate cells

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10
Q

what is involved in the activation of macrophages by Th1 cells

A

CD40-CD40L & IFN gamma - IFN gammaR

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11
Q

what do macrophages produce & upregulate

A
  • cytokines
  • MHC, costimulatory molecules, & microbicidal activities
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12
Q

what induces B cells to produce IgE

A

IL-4

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13
Q

what induces eosinophil activation and mediates worm elimination

A

IL-5

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14
Q

what induces monocytes to become M2 macrophages and peristalsis of the gut

A
  • IL-4 & IL-13
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15
Q

what are M1 macrophages involved in

A

killing & inflammation

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16
Q

what are M2 macrophages involved in

A

tissue repair and inhibition of inflammation

17
Q

what produces IL-17 & IL-22

A

Th17

18
Q

what induces antimicrobial peptide production by epithelial cells

A

IL-17 & IL-22

19
Q

what mediates recruitment of neutrophils via induction of cytokines / chemokines production from other cells

A

IL-17

20
Q

what mediates production of Ig by B cells

A

IL-21

21
Q

what is important for extracellular microbes

A

Th17

22
Q

what are released from granules and mediate killing

A
  • perforin
  • granzyme
23
Q

what cells activate macrophages to lyse intravesicular microbes

A

Th1

24
Q

what kills infected cells with help from Th1 cells

A

CD8

25
Q

which statement concerning Thelper cells is correct?

a - Th1 cells make IL-4 and promote neutrophil activation
b - Th1 cells make IL-17 and induce macrophage activation
c - Th1 cells make IFN gamma and mediate eradication of intracellular bacteria
d - Th2 cells make IL-4 mediate eradication of extracellular bacteria
e - Th2 cells make IL-5 and inhibit worm killing by eosinophils

A

c - Th1 cells make IFN gamma and mediate eradication of intracellular bacteria

26
Q

what is the function of Th17 cells in response to infection?

a - Th17 cells kill cells infected with intracellular microbes
b - Th17 cells trigger antimicrobial peptides for clearance of intracellular bacteria
c - Th17 cells help recruit neutrophils to the mucosa for clearance of extracellular microbes
d - Th17 cells lead to mast cell degranulation for clearance of fungus
e - Th17 cells make IL-5 and trigger worm killing by eosinophils

A

c - Th17 cells help recruit neutrophils to the mucosa for clearance of extracellular microbes

27
Q

how do activated cytotoxic T cells (CTL) kill cells infected with an intracellular microbe?

a - CTL are activated with help from macrophage to generate MAC which lyse infected cells
b - CTL are activated by DC and receive help from Thelper cells to produce perforin and granzyme which lyse infected cells
c - CTL are activated by DC and Th1 cells to produce ROS which induce apoptosis of the infected cells
d - CTL are only activated by B cells to produce perforin and granzyme that lyse infected cells
e - CTL produce nitric oxide that kill infected cells

A

b - CTL are activated by DC and receive help from Thelper cells to produce perforin and granzyme which lyse infected cells

28
Q

match the following terms:

1 - Th17
2 - Th2
3 - Th1

a - IL-4
b - IFN gamma
c - IL-17

A

1 - c
2 - a
3 - b

29
Q

cytokines produced by DC and other innate cells determine the date of naive T cells and the cytokine they will produce. What cytokines accurately induce Th cell differentiation?

a - IFN gamma induces Th2
b - IL-12 induces Th17
c - IL-6 induces Th1
d - IL-5 induceTh17
e - IL-4 induces Th2

A

e - IL-4 induces Th2

microbiology & immunology (23 decks)

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