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MMB > MMB [028] Movements & muscles of the Hand I > Flashcards

MMB [028] Movements & muscles of the Hand I Flashcards

1
Q

Component’s of the palm’s fascia ?

A
  1. Palmar aponeurosis
  2. Flexor retinaculum
  3. Fibrous flexor sheath of the fingers
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2
Q

Define the Flexor Retinaculum

A

It is a thickened strong deep fascia in front of the carpus and converts its [anterior concavity] into the [carpal tunnel]

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3
Q

The carpal tunnel is formed of :

A

The Flexor Retinaculum , and the carpal arch

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4
Q

Main Function of the Flexor Retinaculum ?

A

prevents displacement of long flexor tendons during contraction

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5
Q

Structures passing superficial to the carpal tunnel ?

A

-Tendon of Palmaris Longus

-Ulnar nerve.

-Ulnar vessels.

-Palmar cutaneous br. of :
✓ ulnar nerve.
✓ median nerve.

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6
Q

Structures passing deep IN the carpal tunnel ?

A

❑ Median nerve

❑ Tendons of
➢ fl. digit. superficialis.
➢ fl. digit. profundus.
➢ flexor pollicis longus
➢ flexor carpi radialis

❑ Common synovial sheath of tendons

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7
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Squeezing of the median nerve inside the carpal tunnel

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8
Q

Name this structure of the palmar fascia ,, and define it

A

Fibrous flexor sheaths ;

❑ These are dense plates of fibrous tissue which arch across the flexor tendons in the fingers

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9
Q

Define: The Synovial Sheaths of Flexor Tendons

And what’s it’s function ?

A

Synovial Sheaths of Flexor Tendons ;

  • def : Tubular synovial sacs which surround the terminal parts of the tendons before its insertion

-to provide a sort of lubrication

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10
Q

The red arrow points to :

This structure is the….. for the 8 tendons of….. muscles

A

-1- Ulnar bursa ;

  • common synovial sheath ,, flexor digitorum , superficialis & profundus
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11
Q

The black arrow points to :

Which surrounds the tendon of…… muscle

A

-2- Radial bursa ;

-Flexor pollicis longus

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12
Q

….. is the thick and strong fibrous sheet that covers the middle part of the palm

A

Palmar Aponeurosis

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13
Q

Shape and attachments of the Palmar Aponeurosis ?

A
  • triangular in shape
  • The apex: receives the insertion of Palmaris longus tendon& is divided at the roots of the medial 4 fingers into 4 slips.
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14
Q

Define Dupuytren contracture

A

a deformity in the hand in which the medial part of the palmar aponeurosis undergoes fibrosis producing progressive shortening and flexion of the little and ring fingers.

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15
Q

In Dupuytren contracture ; fibrosis of the ….. (Aspect of structure) produces progressive shortening and flexion of the little and ring fingers

A

medial part of the palmar aponeurosis

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16
Q
A

.

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17
Q

What is the Pulp space ?

A

It is the space which lies over the palmar surface of the terminal (distal) phalanx

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18
Q

Describe structure of the pulp space :

A

-It is divided into separate loculi that contain subcutaneous fat.
- It is the space which lies over the palmar surface of the terminal (distal) phalanx

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19
Q

Infection of the pulp space is very painful due to…..

A

accumulation of pus in narrow spaces under tension

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20
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the hand are….(no-) small muscles arranged in…. (No-)groups

A

20 ,, 3

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21
Q

The three groups of hand muscles ?

A
  • I.Lateral group ; short muscles of thumb
  • III.Central palm muscles ; [small muscles of fingers]
  • II.Medial group ; short muscles of little finger
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22
Q

The I.Lateral group ; short muscles of thumb includes what muscles ?

A
  • 3 Thenar muscles
  • 1 Adductor pollicis deep to them
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23
Q

The three Thenar muscles of the lateral group ?

A

1.Abductor pollicis brevis.

2.Flexor pollicis brevis.

3.Opponens pollicis.

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24
Q

Nerve supply of the 3 Thenar muscles ?

(Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis and Opponens pollicis) ?

A

The Median Nerve

25
Q

Nerve supply of the Adductor pollicis muscle ?

A

The Ulnar Nerve

26
Q

The following diagram illustrates the different movements of the thumb ,,

-name them ;
-and mention the muscles responsible for each move

A

-Abductor pollicis brevis

  • Adductor pollicis
  • Extension ??
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
  • Opponens pollicis
27
Q

The II.Medial group muscles ; [short muscles of little finger] includes :

A
  • 3 Hypothenar muscles
  • 1 Palmaris brevis
28
Q

The 3 Hypothenar muscles ?

A

1.Abductor digiti minimi.

2.Flexor digiti minimi.

3.Opponens digiti minimi

29
Q

The ….. muscle is superficial to the Hypothenar muscles

A

Palmaris brevis

30
Q

Origin of the Palmaris brevis muscle ?

A

From palmar aponeurosis retinaculum

31
Q

Insertion of the Palmaris brevis muscle ?

A

Skin of the medial border of the hand

32
Q

Action of the Palmaris brevis muscle ?

A

Deepen the hollow of the palm to improve grip of the palm during holding a rounded object

33
Q

Nerve supply of the 3 hypothenar muscles ?

A

ulnar nerve

34
Q

Nerve supply of the Palmaris brevis muscle ?

A

ulnar nerve

35
Q

Action of the Abductor digiti minimi ?

A

Abducts the little finger

36
Q

Action of the Flexor digiti minimi ?

A

Flexes the little finger

37
Q

Action of the Opponens digiti minimi ?

A

Pulls the 5 thmetacarpal bone forwards & rotates it laterally to deepen the hollow of the palm during gripping

38
Q

Mention all the :

III.Central palm muscles [small muscles of fingers]

A

➢ 4 Lumbricals

➢ 4 Palmar interossei

➢ 4 Dorsal interossei

39
Q

Name the muscles

A

Lumbrical muscles

40
Q

Origins of the Lumbrical muscles ?

A

Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus

41
Q

…. are muscles of the hand that have No bony attachments

A

The Lumbrical muscles

42
Q

The……. (tarteeb) lumbricals are unipennate

A

1 st & 2 nd lumbricals

43
Q

The……. (tarteeb) lumbricals are supplied by median nerve

A

1 st & 2 nd lumbricals

44
Q

The……. (tarteeb) lumbricals are bipennate

A

3 rd & 4 th lumbricals

45
Q

Nerve supply of the 3rd& 4th lumbrical muscles ?

A

deep terminal branch of ulnar nerve

46
Q
A
47
Q

Name the muscles

A
48
Q

Action of the Lumbrical muscles ?

A

Together with interossei → Put the fingers in writing position ;

  • Flex the M-P joints
  • extend the I-P joints ;;
    through the extensor expansions of the medial 4 fingers
49
Q

Name this group of muscles ,, and mention their fibrous arrangement shape

A
50
Q

Name this group of muscles ,, and mention their fibrous arrangement shape

A
51
Q

NERVE SUPPLY of all the interosseios muscles ?

A

Ulnar Nerve (deep terminal branch)

52
Q

ACTION of the Palmar interosseis ?

A

ADDUCT the fingers towards the axis of the middle finger (Pad)

53
Q

ACTION of the Dorsal interosseis ?

A

ABDUCT the fingers from the axis of the middle finger (Dab)

54
Q

Which group of the palm muscles Put the fingers in the writing position ?

A

III.Central palm muscles ;

  • Interossies muscles
    -Lumbiricals
55
Q

Name and define this structure

A

Extensor Retinaculum ;

A fibrous band that extends obliquely across the back of wrist

56
Q

The Anatomical “snuff box” ?

A

It is a hollow on the lateral part of the wrist.

That can be identified when the thumb is abducted & extended

57
Q

Medial Boundarie of the Anatomical “snuff box” ?

A

extensor pollicis longs

58
Q

Lateral Boundarie of the Anatomical “snuff box” ?

A

-abductor pollicis longus

-extensor pollicis brevis

59
Q

Floor of the Anatomical “snuff box” ?

A

-scaphoid

-trapezium

MMB (72 decks)

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