Axilla 1 Boundaries, axillary artery, vein & lymph nodes

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Describe apex of axilla

Answer 2

-Is directed upwards & medially to the root of the neck.

It is the site where nerves & vessels pass between neck & upper limb.

Question 3

Boundaries of Axillary Apex ?

Answer 3

•Clavicle anteriorly.

•Upper border of the scapula posteriorly.

•Outer border of the first rib medially.

Question 4

Base of Axilla is formed of ?

Answer 4

skin, superficial fascia & axillary fascia

Question 5

Axillary Anterior wall boundaries ?

Answer 5

Pectoralis major (1st layer) –

Pectoralis minor, subclavius & cavipectoral fascia (2nd layer)

Question 6

Boundaries of Axillary Posterior wall ?

Answer 6

subscapularis, teres major & latissimus dorsi

Question 7

The figure shows two of the 4 structures ,, in the axillary anterior wall . Mention the four structures

Answer 7

-Pectoralis major (1st layer)

– Pectoralis minor, subclavius & cavipectoral fascia (2nd layer)

Question 8

What forms anterior fold of axilla ?

Answer 8

Twisted fibers ,, of lower border of pectoralis major

Question 9

What forms the posterior fold of axilla ?

Answer 9

Tendon of latissimus dorsi ,, winding around the lower border of teres major

Question 10

The figure shows the …(aspect) fold of axilla .

Answer 10

Posterior

Question 11

Medial wall of Axilla is formed of ?

Answer 11

▪Serratus anterior.
▪Upper 4-5 ribs .
▪ Intercostal muscles .

Question 12

Name the muscle

Answer 12

▪Serratus anterior.

Question 13

The lateral Axillary wall is formed of ?

Answer 13

1. Coracobrachialis.
2. Biceps brachii.
3. Bicepital groove of the humerus

Question 14

1)The figure shows the …(aspect) wall of Axilla.
2) Name the hidden.

Answer 14

1 ) Lateral

Question 15

General Contents of Axilla ?

Answer 15

Question 16

Explain the beginning and ending of Axillary Artery

Answer 16

• Begins: as the continuation of subclavian a. at outer border of first rib

-Ends: at lower border of teres major by becoming brachial artery.

Question 17

Explain Course of Axillary Artery :

Answer 17

divided by pectoralis minor (PM) into 3 parts:

-1 stpart: above PM

• 2nd part: behind or deep to PM

-3rd part: below PM

Question 18

How many branches are in each part of Axillary artery ?

Answer 18

• First part: One branch
• Second part: Two branches
• Third part: Three branches

Question 19

Branches of 1st part ,, of Axillary artery ?

Answer 19

• Superior thoracic artery

Question 20

Name the red branch

Answer 20

• Superior thoracic artery

Question 21

Branches of 2nd part ,, of Axillary artery ?

Answer 21

1. Thoraco-acromial a
2. Lateral thoracic a

Question 22

The Thoraco-acromial artery divides into ?

Answer 22

A. Acromial br.

B. Pectoral br.

C. Clavicular br.

D. Deltoid br.

Question 23

…. (Artery) is enlarged in females to supply the breast.

Answer 23

Lateral thoracic Artery

Question 24

Branches of the 3rd part ,, of Axillary artery ?

Answer 24

1. Subscapular a
2. Anterior circumflex humeral a
3. Posterior circumflex humeral a

Question 25

Describe course of Subscapular artery

Answer 25

-Largest br. Of axillary artery

• follows lat. Border of scapula till inf. Angle
• accompanies thoracodorsal nerve → # around scapula

Question 26

… is the largest branch of axillary artery.

Answer 26

Subscapular artery

Question 27

Describe course of Anterior circumflex humeral artery

Answer 27

-passes ant. To surgical neck of humerus

• anastomoses with post. Circumflex humeral a.

Question 28

Describe course of Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Answer 28

-it accompanies axillary nerve

• anastomoses with ant. Circumflex forming a circular anastomosis around surgical neck

Question 29

Mention the hidden

Answer 29

Question 30

Define the Anastomosis Around Scapula

Answer 30

Anastomosis between 1st part of subclavian artery AND

3rd part of Axillary artery

Question 31

Mention the value of the ,, Anastomosis Around Scapula

Answer 31

It carries adequate blood to the upper limb when there is an occlusion between the 2 arteries

Question 32

Mention the site of the ,, Anastomosis Around Scapula

Answer 32

on the fossae of scapula, deep to the muscles

Question 33

Answer 33

Question 34

The Axillary Vein Begin As the continuation of the … vein

Answer 34

Basilic vein

Question 35

The turning point between basilic andAxillary vein ?

Answer 35

the lower border of teres major.

Question 36

The Axillary vein runs … to the axillary artery.

Answer 36

Medialy

Answer 37

-Cephalic vein at its upper part.
-Tributaries of 2nd-3rd part corresponding to the branches of the axillary artery.

Question 38

Answer 38

Question 39

Answer 39

Question 40

Illustrate drainage of Pectoral lymph nodes

Answer 40

-Central part and lateral quadrant of the breast.

-Anterolateral wall of the trunk above the level of the umbilicus

Question 41

Illustrate drainage of subscapular lymph nodes

Answer 41

• Posterior wall of the trunk as far as the iliac crest.

• The back of the shoulder region.

Question 42

Illustrate drainage of brachial lymph nodes

Answer 42

whole of the upper limb ,, except the areas drained by the lymphatics accompanying the cephalic vein.

Question 43

Illustrate drainage of Apical lymph nodes

Answer 43

• All the other groups of axillary lymph nodes.

• Directly from the upper & peripheral part of the breast.

•Areas of the upper limb drained by lymphatics accompanied the cephalic vein.