(003) Practical of Cartilage and Endochondral Ossification

Question 1

Cells that produce cartilage matrix are called ?

Answer 1

chondroblasts

Question 2

Which of these connective tissue types has proteoglycans in its matrix?

A. bone

B. cartilage

C. ligaments

D. tendons

E. both c and d

Answer 2

B. cartilage

Question 3

Who am I?

-I am a type of tissue

-I am formed of non-cohesive cells not resting on basement membrane

-My name is largely determined by cell products which may be extracellular or intracellular

Answer 3

Mesenchyme

Question 4

Mention a type of cartilage which does not have a perichondriumǃ

Answer 4

Articular cartilage does not have perichondrium

Question 5

Which of these correctly describes appositional growth of cartilage?

A. Chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage lay down new matrix

B. Fibroblasts produce new chondroblasts

C. Chondroblasts in the perichondrium lay down new matrix

D. New osteons are formed from osteoblasts

E. Canaliculi connect chondrocytes to allow the transport of nutrients

Answer 5

C. Chondroblasts in the perichondrium lay down new matrix

Question 6

From the following, identify temporary (T) and permanent cartilage (P)ǃ

• Growth plate (….)

• Nasal septum (….)

• Trachea and bronchioles (….)

• Meckel’s cartilage (….)

• Base of skull (….)

• Intervertebral discs (….)

• Articular cartilage (….)

Answer 6

• Growth plate (T)

• Nasal septum (P)

• Trachea and bronchioles (P)

• Meckel’s cartilage (T)

• Base of skull (T)

• Intervertebral discs (P)

• Articular cartilage (P)

Question 7

Case

• Ali is a 12 year old boy, he has a motor car accident. Radiography shows fracture in his third and forth ribs with injury of the sternocostal joint . What is the type of joint injured in this case

Answer 7

• Synovial joint

Question 8

Complete

• The fusion between two bones is called ……………………….

• Give 2 examples

Answer 8

• The fusion between two bones is called Synostosis

• Give 2 examples:

-Epiphyseal growth plate joint: the cartilage is converted into bone before adult life

-Between the occipital, sphenoid, temporal and ethmoid bones

Question 9

• The type of joint in base of the skull until puberty is

A- Symphysis

B- Synchondrosis

C- Synostosis

D- Synovial

Answer 9

B- Synchondrosis

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Functions of Synovium ?

Answer 11

1) Control of diffusion in and out of joint

2) Ingestion of debris

3) Secretion of hyaluronate, immunoglobulins, and lysosomal enzymes

4) Lubrication of the joint

5) Providing nourishment for the avascular articular cartilage

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

Answer 14